In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
Positive | ... lived. |
Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
Past simple example sentences | |
---|---|
I only managed to get 3 appointments for today. | Sólo pude conseguir 3 citas para hoy. |
Yes, I managed to see the last one... But I didn't like it! | Sí, alcancé a ver la última... ¡Pero no me gustó! |
Nope, I'm okay, I just had something before I came. | No, estoy bien, comí algo antes de venir. |
I hope I didn't make you wait long. | Espero no haberlos hecho esperar mucho. |
I don't even want to remember it, but, since you asked... | Ni siquiera quiero recordarlo, pero ya que preguntaste... |
No, I got myself a macchiato. | No, yo me traje un macchiato. |
I saw her at the toilet door throwing the frying pan into the toilet bowl. | Y la vi a ella en la puerta del baño tirando la sartén para freír en el inodoro. |
Look at that, it splashed water all over me! | ¡Mira eso, me ha salpicado de agua! |
Well, as I finished most things while you weren't here. | Bueno, como terminé la mayoría de los pendientes mientras no estabas aquí. |
Oh, that's a relief, did you get rid of it? | Oh, eso es un alivio, ¿te deshiciste de ella? |
What!? So you complained to Nick about our cat! | ¿¡Qué!? ¡Así que te quejaste con Nick sobre nuestro gato! |
He had an X-ray... | Le hicieron una radiografía. |
Yeah, normally... But I'm too sick to go to work so I took the day off. | Sí, normalmente... Pero estoy demasiado enferma como para ir a trabajar, así que me tomé el día. |
Hi, what did you decide? | Hola, ¿qué decidiste? |
Unfortunately, I already did. | Por desgracia, ya lo hice. |
When did you last visit your parents? | ¿Cuánto visitaste a tus padres por última vez? |
It doesn't mean I didn't spend any time finding a house. | Eso no significa que no gasté tiempo en encontrar una casa. |
If you are allergic to cats, why didn't you talk to me directly? | Si eres alérgica a los gatos, ¿por qué no lo hablaste conmigo directamente? |
Hmm, I guess it was about 5 or 6 months ago. | Hmm, supongo que hace unos 5 o 6 meses. |
Then my phone rang and I went to the garden to talk. | Después mi teléfono sonó y salí a hablar al jardín. |