In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
Positive | ... lived. |
Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
Past simple example sentences | |
---|---|
It seems you checked the production date. | Мне кажется, вы посмотрели на дату производства. |
Then my phone rang and I went to the garden to talk. | Потом мой телефон зазвонил и я вышел в сад поговорить. |
Nope, there was no evidence of fire anywhere... | Неа, нигде не было и намека на огонь... |
You didn't tell me anything about that... | Ты ничего не сказал мне об этом... |
I hope the other appointments weren't very far apart from each other. | Надеюсь, другие встречи не были по времени далеко друг от друга. |
Did you check the price of the rice? | Ты узнал цену риса? |
No, it seems I'd forgotten to charge it before I left. | Нет, похоже я забыла зарядить телефон перед выходом из дома. |
Exactly... So I gave up and decided to sit at a cafe and have a coffee. | Точно... Я сдалась и решила посидеть в кафе и выпить кофе. |
I called about 10 people yesterday to make appointments. | Я вчера созвонилась с 10 людьми, чтобы назначить встречи. |
I left it on this chair! | Я её оставил на этом кресле! |
It's good you called me before you came today. | Хорошо, что ты позвонила мне до того, как пришла сегодня. |
Were you drunk or sober? | Ты был пьяный или трезвый? |
Oh, okay, did she say why they needed to cancel it? | Ой, ладно, а она сказала, почему они вынуждены отменить ее? |
Really, how long did you live here? | Ну да, а сколько ты здесь прожил? |
You nearly gave me a heart attack! | Ты почти довёл меня до сердечного приступа! |
Yes, I got some missed call notifications after I turned my phone on! | Да, у меня на телефоне, когда я его включила, было несколько пропущенных звонков. |
At one point, I thought you were interested in the house. | В какой-то момент я подумал, что ты заинтересовалась домом. |
Oh my god, I'm sorry dear, I got what you meant just now... | О, господи, прости, дорогой, теперь я поняла, что ты имел в виду... |
To where? You just came, you didn't even finish your beer. | Куда? Ты только что пришел и даже не допил свое пиво. |
He had an X-ray... | Ему сделали рентген. |