In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
Positive | ... lived. |
Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
Past simple example sentences | |
---|---|
Yes, I finally found one! | よし、やっと見つけたぞ! |
Exactly, I think they understood it at first sight! | そうよ。一目見て気が付いたんじゃないかしら! |
Why did you wake up so early? | 何でそんなに早く起きたの? |
Yes, I thought about moving upstairs. | そうなんだよ、上の階へ引っ越そうかとも考えたよ。 |
I didn't want to wake you up, so I went to the kitchen. | あなたを起こしたくなかったからそのままキッチンに行っちゃった。 |
Of course I didn't, they had already started playing it before I got there! | そんなわけないだろ。僕が着いた時にはもう、追いかけて遊んでたんだよ! |
I only went to the kitchen and no one was there. | キッチンに行っただけで、しかも誰もいなかったわ。 |
I found out we didn't have many things in the fridge. | 冷蔵庫にあまり無かった事を見つけてさ。 |
So I snore everyday... Why didn't you tell me that before? | じゃあ毎日いびきをかいてるのね… どうしてもっと前に教えてくれなかったの? |
Unfortunately, it is... Weren't there any pictures of the house? | 残念だけど、ここだよ… 家の写真はなかったの? |
How did you know he was a male cat? | どうしてオスネコだと分かったの? |
I can't believe you, where did you get it from? | 信じられないわ。どこから出したの? |
Oh, by the way, one of my best friends from Australia called me... | あ、ところでね。オーストラリアの親友から電話があったんだけど… |
You wanted to come here, I just helped you get the table! | 君がここがいいって言うから、テーブルを押さえられるよう手を貸しただけだろ! |
Didn't I just say the same thing? | 僕、同じ事言わなかったっけ? |
When did it happen exactly? | それで具体的に何があったんだい? |
Dear, I think you were absolutely right! | ねえ、あなた、あなたが 100% 正しかったわ! |
Then when I got there, I called her again, but she didn't answer! | それで到着後もう一度電話したんだけど、それにも出なかったのよ! |
My housemates once had a dog, too. | 私のハウスメイトも、以前犬を飼っていたわ。 |
Unbelievable, how did you know that? | 信じられないな、どうやって分かったのさ。 |