In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
Positive | ... lived. |
Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
Past simple example sentences | |
---|---|
Sorry, didn't I tell you that before? | ごめん、このこと前に話してなかったかしら? |
How come? We just called this morning! | どうしてですか? 今朝電話したばかりなんですよ! |
Because a girl had an argument with Diego? | あの子とディエゴに一悶着あったからかい? |
I didn't know your cat was here. | 君の猫がここにいたなんて知らなかったぜ。 |
5 minutes before I arrived, I called her, but she didn't answer. | 到着 5 分前にその子に電話をかけたんだけど、その子電話に出なかったの。 |
Pinocchio didn't know he wasn't a real boy in the beginning, either. | ピノキオも最初は自分が本当の男の子じゃないってことは知らなかったわよ。 |
I went there, too, but they didn't have it, either. | そこへも行ったわ、でもやっぱり無かったの。 |
Did you put a question mark at the end? | 文末にクエスチョン・マークはつけたかい? |
What brought you to London? | 何でロンドンに来たの? |
Then she started to talk about how she was allergic to cats, etcetera. | そのあと猫アレルギーのこととか他の件を話しはじめてさ。 |
You nearly gave me a heart attack! | 心臓発作が起こりそうだったよ。 |
Yes, I did, did you? | えぇ、あなたは? |
I didn't have any time to go and check houses. | 家に行ったり見たりする時間が無かったんだ。 |
We are going to follow the original plan, how it was before. | 僕たちはオリジナルの計画を辿るだけさ、前と同じ様にね。 |
The price is just about the same, but it was in much better condition. | 価格はほぼ同じですよ。でも前の物件のほうがよっぽどいい状態でした。 |
We were just about to talk about leaving the house. | お家を出ようって話をはじめたところだったじゃない。 |
After I had waited a while, I decided to knock on her door... | しばらく待ってから、ドアをノックすることにしたんだけど… |
What happened? Did you break a bottle? | 何が起きたの、ボトル割っちゃったのかい? |
She was yelling at me like how dirty we were... | あなたたちは不潔すぎるって僕に怒鳴ってきたし… |
I wasn't complaining, I just wanted to let you know about it. | 文句を言ってたんじゃないよ。僕はただ君に教えてあげたかっただけさ。 |