







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| Then the wine bottle broke, etcetera... | そしたらワインボトルを割ってしまったりして... |
| I didn't want to wake you up, so I went to the kitchen. | あなたを起こしたくなかったからそのままキッチンに行っちゃった。 |
| They're fine, we played a game called *catch the wasp*! | みんな元気に「スズメバチを捕まえろ」ていうゲームで遊んでたんだよ! |
| When I first came to England, I thought it was a holiday only for banks. | イギリスに初めてきた時、公休日は公の人だけの休みだと思ったよ。 |
| I called about 10 people yesterday to make appointments. | 昨日、アポを取るために 10 人ぐらいに電話をかけたの。 |
| I hope you didn't have any *private* pictures on your phone. | 携帯に”プライベート”な写真が無かったことを祈ってるよ。 |
| Oh sorry, I didn't know that. | あ、ごめんなさい!私知らなかったわ。 |
| To be honest, I didn't really understand what happened! | 正直言って、僕も何があったのかよく分からないんだ! |
| I don't know, it was like 10. | 分からないけど、10 時頃だったよ。 |
| I'm still shocked... I can't believe what I just heard! | ほんとにショックだわ… さっき聞いたことが信じられないの! |
| I hope I didn't make you wait long. | あまり待たせてなければいいけど。 |
| After hearing that, she decided to leave suddenly. | それを聞いたら、突然帰ることにしたんだよ。 |
| Yes, that's me, hello, I think we talked on the phone before... | はい、私です。こんにちは。以前、電話でお話したかと思いますが… |
| Yes, while I was looking at the wine, the rice fell... | えぇ、ワインを見てる間に、お米が落ちて... |
| Is that how long your relationship with Jen was, also? | それってあなたとジェンが付き合ってた長さでもあるの? |
| Nope, those are the days when I slept alone... | いや、僕が言ってるのは、僕が一人で寝た日のことだよ… |
| But didn't we already buy the cheese grated? | でも、僕たちすでに粉チーズを買ったんじゃなかった? |
| Yes, I just started my period an hour ago! | えぇ、たった1時間前に生理が来たのよ! |
| Unbelievable, how did you know that? | 信じられないな、どうやって分かったのさ。 |
| I didn't want you to come out for a smoke, actually. | 実はタバコを吸いに外に出たんじゃないんだ。 |