







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| What did you cook for breakfast? | 朝ご飯は何を作ったの? |
| It was there when you went to the bar. | あなたがバーに行った時はそこにあったんだけど。 |
| I just got here mate, about 5 minutes ago. | 5分ほど前にここに来たんだ。 |
| Did you manage to find it? | 何とか見つかったかい? |
| Can you please tell me what I had there? | そこで僕が何を食べたか覚えてる? |
| Any idea why they decided to sell the house suddenly? | 急に家を売りに出すことになった理由、何か分かるかい? |
| Why didn't you ask while you were on the phone then? | それじゃあ、どうして電話中に尋ねなかったのよ? |
| I got you a cappuccino. | カプチーノを持ってきたわ。 |
| Then we found the wallet with nothing left in it. | そして、空っぽの財布を僕たちは見つけた。 |
| I don't even want to remember it, but, since you asked... | 思い出しくもないんだけど… |
| I called about 10 people yesterday to make appointments. | 昨日、アポを取るために 10 人ぐらいに電話をかけたの。 |
| I'm almost at Brighton! Why didn't you inform me earlier? | 僕はほぼブライトンに居るんですよ!どうしてもっと早く知らせてくれなかったんですか? |
| You didn't tell me what kind of muffin you wanted. | あなたどんな種類のマフィンが欲しかったのか言ってくれなかったわね。 |
| Hm, you didn't tell me that before! | ふん、それ事前に言ってくれなかったじゃないか! |
| Dude, I heard you shagging till late last night. | おいおい、昨晩、遅くまで熱いベッドの音が聞こえてたんだぜ。 |
| That's brilliant, did you manage to see any houses today in the end? | 最高だね。結局今日は家は見れたの? |
| Yeah, it was a good trick, who did you learn it from? | な、良い裏技だろ。誰のおかげかな? |
| You wanted to come here, I just helped you get the table! | 君がここがいいって言うから、テーブルを押さえられるよう手を貸しただけだろ! |
| You didn't tell me anything about that... | きみ、そんなこと一言も言ってなかったじゃないか… |
| I thought you turned it on when you went home. | 帰宅してから電源を入れたと思ってけど。 |