In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
Positive | ... lived. |
Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
Past simple example sentences | |
---|---|
I don't even want to remember it, but, since you asked... | 思い出しくもないんだけど… |
Oh sorry, I didn't ask you what you wanted. | あら、ごめんなさい。どんなのが欲しかったのか尋ねなかったわ。 |
I came here to visit her, then she went back and I stayed here. | 私は彼女のもとを訪ねにここに来たの、そしたら彼女は帰国し私がここに滞在しているの。 |
That's interesting, did you also teach them how to cook? | 面白いなぁ。彼らに料理の方法も教えてたの? |
I wasn't complaining, I just wanted to let you know about it. | 文句を言ってたんじゃないよ。僕はただ君に教えてあげたかっただけさ。 |
I found out we didn't have many things in the fridge. | 冷蔵庫にあまり無かった事を見つけてさ。 |
Hello, what happened? | こんにちは、何があったの? |
Basically, we were both in the kitchen last night... | まず、昨晩は僕たち二人ともキッチンにいたんだけど… |
Erm... yes, we kind of did... we broke up! | あー...うん、そんな感じかな...俺達別れたんだ! |
Did you check the expiry date? | 賞味期限チェックした? |
What did you cook for breakfast? | 朝ご飯は何を作ったの? |
Is that how long your relationship with Jen was, also? | それってあなたとジェンが付き合ってた長さでもあるの? |
I called you at least ten times! | 少なくとも 10 回は電話したんだぞ! |
Hey, I just got an idea where to put the bed! | ねえ、ベッドの置き場所なんどけど、たった今良い案を思いついたわ! |
No, I couldn't, I went to Sainsbury's, they didn't have it. | いいえ、ダメだったわ、私センズベリーズへ行ったけど無かったわ。 |
Hi, what did you decide? | ねえ、何を決めたの? |
I think we should move the desk back where it was before. | 机を前あった位置に戻した方がいいんじゃないかしら。 |
It wasn't long ago. | そんなに昔じゃないわ。 |
It totally slipped my mind! | 完全にうっかり忘れてしまったわ! |
It was my mistake accepting the job to work with them. | 彼らとの仕事を引き受けた僕のミスだな。 |