







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| No, I got myself a macchiato. | 아니, 난 마끼아또 사왔어. |
| That's funny... What did you forget to ask? | 그거 재밌네... 그리고 뭘 깜빡하고 안 물어봤지? |
| There was nothing wrong with you at the shop. | 상점에서는 아무 문제 없었는데. |
| Didn't you forget something, dear? | 뭔가 깜빡한 건 없어, 자기? |
| They're fine, we played a game called *catch the wasp*! | 잘 지내고 있지, "말벌을 잡아라" 놀이 했다니까! |
| He had an X-ray... | 엑스레이를 찍었는데... |
| So you already knew the cat was here before you came. | 그러니까 당신도 여기 오기 전부터 고양이가 있다는 건 알고 있었단 거네요. |
| I just took it without thinking too much. | 별 생각 없이 얻었어. |
| I didn't ask when, I asked why! | 언제 지었느냐가 아니라, 왜 지었냐구! |
| I'm sorry, why did you call that much? | 미안해, 전화는 왜 그렇게 많이 했는데? |
| Meanwhile I was feeling very tired and wanted to lie down for a while. | 와중에 너무 피곤해서 잠깐 누워볼까 했지. |
| Unfortunately, the next one was at 11 and the last one was at 15:30. | 끔찍하게도, 그 다음 약속은 11시였고 그 다음 건 오후 3시 반이었어. |
| Nope, I'm okay, I just had something before I came. | 됐어, 난 오기 전에 뭐 먹었어서 괜찮걸랑. |
| Did you call this one near the station? | 역 근처에 여기는 전화해봤어? |
| Sorry, but I have to say, we saw another house earlier today... | 미안하지만, 오늘 이전에 다른 집도 봤는데요... |
| 5 minutes before I arrived, I called her, but she didn't answer. | 도착하기 5분 전에 전화를 했는데, 안 받잖아. |
| What brought you to London? | 너는 왜 런던에 있어? |
| Good morning my friend, did I wake you up? | 좋은 아침이에요, 제가 깨운 건가요? |
| Basically everything, it was like a haunted hippie house. | 그냥 다 이상했어, 무슨 히피족들이 사는 폐가 같았어. |
| No, don't worry, nothing happened to him. | 아뇨, 걱정 마요, 포고는 괜찮으니까. |