







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| I'm his friend from London, as he mentioned! | 얘기한 것처럼, 런던에서 온 "친구"니까요! |
| Any idea why they decided to sell the house suddenly? | 갑자기 집을 팔기로 한 이유가 뭔지 감 잡히는 거 있어? |
| Plus you drank half of my bottle of wine! | 게다가 내 와인도 절반이나 마셨잖아! |
| Welcome, tonight we reserved one of our best tables for you! | 어서오세요, 두분을 위해서 가장 좋은 테이블 중 하나를 맡아드렸어요! |
| I found out we didn't have many things in the fridge. | 냉장고에 든 게 별로 없더라고. |
| I knew it was too good to be true! | 어쩐지 술술 풀린다 했어! |
| How did you know that? | 어떻게 알았어? |
| That's the point... It wasn't the right door! | 그게 바로 문제라구, 맞는 집이 아니었으니까! |
| While I was trying to catch the rice, I accidentally knocked over a bottle. | 쌀을 잡으려다가, 실수로 병을 쳤어. |
| Do you need help, how did you search? | 뭐 도와줄까? 뭐라고 검색했는데? |
| This was the only one left on the shelf. | 선반에 이거 밖에 안 남아있더라구요. |
| Didn't you hear what she said? | 말하는 거 못 들었어? |
| But didn't we already buy the cheese grated? | 근데 치즈는 이미 갈아진 걸로 사지 않았어? |
| I didn't realise there was a problem with the toilet! | 변기에 문제가 있는 줄은 모르고 있었네! |
| Wow! Did you just agree to get a new house? | 우와! 새 집을 얻기로 동의한 거야 방금? |
| I didn't want to risk it. | 혹시나 했지. |
| You didn't tell me what kind of muffin you wanted. | 그러고보니 네가 무슨 머핀 좋아하는지를 말 안해줬더라구. |
| So I snore everyday... Why didn't you tell me that before? | 그럼 매일 곤다는 소리구나... 왜 진작에 말을 안해줬어? |
| But you just did it, why did you kill the wasp, then? | 방금 죽이고 왔잖아, 그럼 말벌은 왜 죽인 거야? |
| Then the wine bottle broke, etcetera... | 근데 와인병이 깨지고, 기타 등등... |