In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
Positive | ... lived. |
Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
Past simple example sentences | |
---|---|
I hope it wasn't an expensive wine! | 비싼 와인이 아니면 좋을텐데! |
Then, apparently I fell asleep... And slept for a couple of hours! | 그러고는 정신차려 보니 잠을 들었고... 몇 시간 동안이나 잤지 뭐야! |
Why did you wake up so early? | 왜 그렇게 일찍 일어났어? |
No, I got myself a macchiato. | 아니, 난 마끼아또 사왔어. |
The first appointment was at 07:30 in the morning! | 첫 약속이 아침 7시 반에 잡혔다고! |
What kind of coffee did you get me? | 커피는 뭘로 사왔어? |
Of course, we all grew up together. | 물론이지, 다들 어릴 때 같이 자랐는걸. |
I remember watching it when I was a little kid. | 꼬꼬마였을 적에 봤던 기억이 나네. |
I didn't say that, I was just reminding you of what you said before. | 그런 말은 안 했지, 그냥 네가 전에 무슨 말을 했는지 되짚어 주는 거야. |
Hello, I booked a table for two in the name of Cate for 20:30. | 안녕하세요, 오후 8시 반에 두 사람 테이블 예약했고요, 이름은 케이트예요. |
Anyway, I woke up at 07:00 and went to see the first one. | 아무튼, 7시에 일어나서 첫 집을 보러 갔지. |
Yes, I just started my period an hour ago! | 그래, 한 시간 전에 막 시작했어! |
I don't even want to remember it, but, since you asked... | 생각도 하고 싶지 않지만, 네가 물어보니까 말인데... |
Did you check the price of the rice? | 쌀 가격 확인해봤어? |
Yes, I got some missed call notifications after I turned my phone on! | 응, 휴대폰 켜고 보니까 부재중 통화 표시가 몇 개 떠있더라구. |
No, I didn't have much money in it. | 아니, 돈이 많이 있진 않았는데요. |
It was my mistake accepting the job to work with them. | 같이 일을 하겠다고 한 내 잘못이지. |
Apparently you f*cked up, then what happened? | 정신차려 보니 x돼 있었다 이거구만. 그래서 어떡했어? |
To tell you I came here earlier than we agreed! | 말한 거보다 일찍 왔다고 얘기해 주려고! |
But then I realized my battery was about to die. | 근데 배터리가 거의 다 된 거야. |