In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
Positive | ... lived. |
Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
Past simple example sentences | |
---|---|
It's a nice area, I considered living there once, too... | 좋은 동네지, 나도 거기 살까 하는 생각을 한 적 있는데... |
What happened? Did you break a bottle? | 무슨 일이야? 병 깼어? |
My housemates once had a dog, too. | 우리 하우스메이트들도 예전에 개를 길렀거든. |
Sorry, but I have to say, we saw another house earlier today... | 미안하지만, 오늘 이전에 다른 집도 봤는데요... |
And... Your cat? I didn't know you had a cat! | 그리고... 당신 고양이인가요? 고양이가 있는 줄은 몰랐는데! |
I came here to visit her, then she went back and I stayed here. | 언니 보러 온 거였는데, 언니는 돌아가고 내가 남은 거야. |
And now you've woken me up just when I was about to sleep! | 그리고 이제 막 눈 좀 붙이려고 했더니 당신들이 날 깨웠고요! |
Oh yeah, I remember, you had some snails and you hated them. | 아하, 기억났다. 달팽이 요리를 먹고는 질색했잖아. |
But it seems Julianne complained about Pogo to Nick. | 하지만 줄리앤이 닉한테 포고에 대해 불평한 모양이에요. |
I think we should move the desk back where it was before. | 책상은 원래 있던 쪽으로 다시 옮겨야 할 거 같아. |
So you already knew the cat was here before you came. | 그러니까 당신도 여기 오기 전부터 고양이가 있다는 건 알고 있었단 거네요. |
I don't know, it was like 10. | 나도 몰라, 한 10시쯤. |
I have to say, your checking the heaters lie wasn't very clever. | 히터 점검해야 한다는 거짓말은 딱히 그럴싸하지 않았다고 말해둬야 겠는걸요. |
Erm... yes, we kind of did... we broke up! | 어음... 응, 그랬다고 볼 수 있지.... 깨졌으니까! |
Actually, I was going to ask you something at the pub, but Diego interrupted me. | 실은, 술집에서 뭘 물어보려고 했는데, 디에고가 끼어들어서. |
Sorry, didn't I tell you that before? | 미안, 말 안해줬나? |
Except Pinocchio knew he wasn't a real boy from the beginning. | 물론 피노키오는 처음부터 자기가 진짜 아이가 아니라는 걸 알았지만. |
Yes, while I was looking at the wine, the rice fell... | 응, 와인을 보고 있는데, 쌀이 떨어져서... |
What kind of coffee did you get me? | 커피는 뭘로 사왔어? |
Did something happen to Pogo? | 포고한테 무슨 일이 있어요? |