한글
In English we use should / shouldn't /ought to / oughtn't to give advice. We use should / ought to to say something is a good thing to do and shouldn't / oughtn't to say something is a bad thing to do.
Example sentences :
Note : To ask for advice we can say: What should I do?
In English, "can" is a modal verb and only has a present, past and conditional form. It can also be used with a future meaning.
Example sentences :
Note : Can is not used to talk about specific possibilities.
Example sentences :
In English, could is used to talk about past ability/ permission/ possibility.
Example sentences :
"Be able to" can be used in the present, past, future, present perfect and as a gerund or infinitive.
Example sentences :
Note : be able to in the present and past is more formal than can or could.
In English we use might or may to say something in the future is possible, but not decided.
Example sentences :
To make questions with might we usually use Do you think...?
Example questions :
In English we can also use might in short answers.
Example short answers :
In English we use have to + infinitive to say something is necessary or obligatory. We normally use have to for a general obligation from an outside source, such as work or the law.
Examples sentences :
In English we use don't have to + infinitive to say something is not necessary or obligatory. It means you can if you want to, but it's not necessary.
Example sentences :
To make questions we use do/does.
Example questions :
Form : ( Must + infinitive without to )
In English we use must + infinitive to talk about rules and obligations. We normally use must when the speaker imposes the obligation, such as a teacher to students, or even to yourself.
Form : ( Mustn't + infinitive without to )
In English we use mustn't + infinitive to say something is prohibited.
Example sentences :
Note : You can often use can't or be + not allowed to instead of mustn't.
Example sentences :
Note : Mustn't and don't have to have completely different meanings.
Mustn't Vs Don't Have To
Note : Have to is a normal verb and exists in all tenses whereas must is a modal verb and its only forms are must and mustn't.
You can also use have to and must for strong recommendations.
Example sentences :
In English we use must when we are sure something is true.
Example sentences :
In English we use may or might when we think something is possibly true.
Examples sentences :
In English we use can't when we are sure something is impossible.
Examples sentences :
Note : In this context, the opposite of must is can't, NOT mustn't!
In the past, can't, could, may, might and must for probability change to can't have, could have, may have, might have and must have + past participle (Verb 3).
In the past, should and ought to change to should have and ought to have + past participle (Verb 3).
Note : the form of "must" for obligation and "can" are exceptions.
Must for obligation changes to had to + infinitive
Can changes to could or was able to
| Modal example sentences | |
|---|---|
| Since I can't smoke in the room, I have to go to the garden. | 방에서는 못 피우니까, 안뜰에 가야 하잖아. |
| Hello guys, I can hear you shouting from upstairs. | 안녕 친구들, 소리 지르는 거 위층에서도 다 들리는데. |
| That's better, we can get some thighs. | 그게 낫다, 넓적살로 하자. |
| No, you have to bring your own or buy new ones, dear. | 아니죠, 자기가 직접 가져 오거나 새로 사든가 해야죠. |
| Plus I really have to have a shower. | 그리고 정말 샤워 좀 해야 돼. |
| Okay, the earliest I can take Bear out is 7. | 좋아, 베어 산책을 최대한 앞당기면 7시니까. |
| But we should tell them to clean up the mess. | 하지만 깨진 건 쓸어담으라고 얘기해줘야지. |
| Of course, we can leave whenever you want. | 물론이지, 네가 원할 때 언제든 가면 돼. |
| We can wander around till 7 or 8 and have some drinks, maybe. | 7-8시쯤 까지는 돌아다니면서 술이라도 몇 잔 할 수도 있지. |
| I can tell their sex from their face. | 얼굴을 보면 성별을 알 수 있죠. |
| I don't want to upset you, but I have to tell you something! | 기분 상하게 하려는 게 아니고, 말해줄 게 있어서! |
| Um, I'm going to finish at 5, we can meet at 17:30 if you like. | 음, 난 5시에 마치니까, 너만 괜찮으면 5시 반에 만나는 건 어때. |
| I see, I can boil it first so you can use the water. | 알았어, 네가 육수 쓸 수 있도록 일단은 삶을게. |
| I don't like bank holidays, we still have to work tomorrow! | 난 뱅크 홀리데이 싫어, 우리는 내일도 일해야 된다구! |
| We can continue talking about that on the train. | 기차 타서 더 얘기하자. |
| Too bad, they must have understood you are a liar, then. | 어쩔 수 없지, 그럼 거짓말쟁이인 게 들통났겠네. |
| It's not easy, but not impossible, in the end, you can get it. | 쉽지는 않지만, 불가능하지도 않아. 결국 할 수 있기는 한데. |
| As you might know, you should always keep an eye on your stuff at pubs. | 아시다시피, 술집에서는 항상 물건을 잘 간수해야 한답니다. |
| Okay, but can we talk about when to meet first? | 응, 그런데 우리가 언제 만날지부터 먼저 정할 수 있어? |
| Can't you use another rice instead? | 다른 쌀을 쓰면 안돼? |
