한글
In English we use should / shouldn't /ought to / oughtn't to give advice. We use should / ought to to say something is a good thing to do and shouldn't / oughtn't to say something is a bad thing to do.
Example sentences :
Note : To ask for advice we can say: What should I do?
In English, "can" is a modal verb and only has a present, past and conditional form. It can also be used with a future meaning.
Example sentences :
Note : Can is not used to talk about specific possibilities.
Example sentences :
In English, could is used to talk about past ability/ permission/ possibility.
Example sentences :
"Be able to" can be used in the present, past, future, present perfect and as a gerund or infinitive.
Example sentences :
Note : be able to in the present and past is more formal than can or could.
In English we use might or may to say something in the future is possible, but not decided.
Example sentences :
To make questions with might we usually use Do you think...?
Example questions :
In English we can also use might in short answers.
Example short answers :
In English we use have to + infinitive to say something is necessary or obligatory. We normally use have to for a general obligation from an outside source, such as work or the law.
Examples sentences :
In English we use don't have to + infinitive to say something is not necessary or obligatory. It means you can if you want to, but it's not necessary.
Example sentences :
To make questions we use do/does.
Example questions :
Form : ( Must + infinitive without to )
In English we use must + infinitive to talk about rules and obligations. We normally use must when the speaker imposes the obligation, such as a teacher to students, or even to yourself.
Form : ( Mustn't + infinitive without to )
In English we use mustn't + infinitive to say something is prohibited.
Example sentences :
Note : You can often use can't or be + not allowed to instead of mustn't.
Example sentences :
Note : Mustn't and don't have to have completely different meanings.
Mustn't Vs Don't Have To
Note : Have to is a normal verb and exists in all tenses whereas must is a modal verb and its only forms are must and mustn't.
You can also use have to and must for strong recommendations.
Example sentences :
In English we use must when we are sure something is true.
Example sentences :
In English we use may or might when we think something is possibly true.
Examples sentences :
In English we use can't when we are sure something is impossible.
Examples sentences :
Note : In this context, the opposite of must is can't, NOT mustn't!
In the past, can't, could, may, might and must for probability change to can't have, could have, may have, might have and must have + past participle (Verb 3).
In the past, should and ought to change to should have and ought to have + past participle (Verb 3).
Note : the form of "must" for obligation and "can" are exceptions.
Must for obligation changes to had to + infinitive
Can changes to could or was able to
| Modal example sentences | |
|---|---|
| I'm so excited, we should definitely do it as soon as possible. | 너무 신난다, 최대한 빨리 하면 좋겠어. |
| I can use incense for the smell... | 냄새 문제는 향을 피우면 되지... |
| As you might know, you should always keep an eye on your stuff at pubs. | 아시다시피, 술집에서는 항상 물건을 잘 간수해야 한답니다. |
| Have you watched A.I.? It's quite violent, too, you might like it. | <A.I.>는 봤어? 그것도 꽤 잔인하거든, 좋아할 지도 몰라. |
| I don't think you can use any other rice for risotto. | 리조또 만드는 데는 다른 쌀은 못 쓸 걸. |
| Cate, my queue is going faster, you can come over here. | 케이트, 내 줄이 더 빨리 줄고 있어. 이리로 와. |
| Mike, you are cutting out, I can't hear you! | 마이크, 소리가 끊겨, 들리질 않아! |
| Another big problem is, I can't take Pogo with me. | 또 다른 큰 문제는, 포고를 데리고 갈 수가 없어. |
| You can buy me a beer for giving you my turn. | 차례 양보해줬으니까 맥주 한 잔 사주면 좋고. |
| I don't know, it's up to you, you can cook anything you like. | 글쎄, 네 마음대로, 아무거나 요리하고 싶은 걸로 해줘. |
| Can you do me a favour in return? | 대신 부탁 하나 들어줄 수 있어? |
| We could use theirs for once. | 한번쯤은 우리가 남의 걸 쓰는 거지. |
| No, all the cutlery should be in the top drawer! | 아니, 수저류는 전부 서랍 첫 칸에 있을 텐데! |
| I don't want to upset you, but I have to tell you something! | 기분 상하게 하려는 게 아니고, 말해줄 게 있어서! |
| We can do it whenever you like. | 네가 원할 때 언제든지 오면 돼. |
| How can I turn it on? | 어떻게 켜면 돼? |
| Of course, but I can only peel the potatoes with a peeler. | 물론이지, 근데 난 감자깎이가 있어야 깎을 줄 아는데. |
| Umm, we can raise it just a little bit, like 50%. | 흠, 조금만 인상하면 돼요, 한 50% 정도. |
| I think we can let him explore the garden. | 정원 좀 둘러보게 해줘도 될 것 같아. |
| You know, the landlords should give you some kitchen utensils. | 왜 있잖아, 집주인은 부엌도구를 좀 제공해줘야 하니까. |
