한글
In English we use should / shouldn't /ought to / oughtn't to give advice. We use should / ought to to say something is a good thing to do and shouldn't / oughtn't to say something is a bad thing to do.
Example sentences :
Note : To ask for advice we can say: What should I do?
In English, "can" is a modal verb and only has a present, past and conditional form. It can also be used with a future meaning.
Example sentences :
Note : Can is not used to talk about specific possibilities.
Example sentences :
In English, could is used to talk about past ability/ permission/ possibility.
Example sentences :
"Be able to" can be used in the present, past, future, present perfect and as a gerund or infinitive.
Example sentences :
Note : be able to in the present and past is more formal than can or could.
In English we use might or may to say something in the future is possible, but not decided.
Example sentences :
To make questions with might we usually use Do you think...?
Example questions :
In English we can also use might in short answers.
Example short answers :
In English we use have to + infinitive to say something is necessary or obligatory. We normally use have to for a general obligation from an outside source, such as work or the law.
Examples sentences :
In English we use don't have to + infinitive to say something is not necessary or obligatory. It means you can if you want to, but it's not necessary.
Example sentences :
To make questions we use do/does.
Example questions :
Form : ( Must + infinitive without to )
In English we use must + infinitive to talk about rules and obligations. We normally use must when the speaker imposes the obligation, such as a teacher to students, or even to yourself.
Form : ( Mustn't + infinitive without to )
In English we use mustn't + infinitive to say something is prohibited.
Example sentences :
Note : You can often use can't or be + not allowed to instead of mustn't.
Example sentences :
Note : Mustn't and don't have to have completely different meanings.
Mustn't Vs Don't Have To
Note : Have to is a normal verb and exists in all tenses whereas must is a modal verb and its only forms are must and mustn't.
You can also use have to and must for strong recommendations.
Example sentences :
In English we use must when we are sure something is true.
Example sentences :
In English we use may or might when we think something is possibly true.
Examples sentences :
In English we use can't when we are sure something is impossible.
Examples sentences :
Note : In this context, the opposite of must is can't, NOT mustn't!
In the past, can't, could, may, might and must for probability change to can't have, could have, may have, might have and must have + past participle (Verb 3).
In the past, should and ought to change to should have and ought to have + past participle (Verb 3).
Note : the form of "must" for obligation and "can" are exceptions.
Must for obligation changes to had to + infinitive
Can changes to could or was able to
| Modal example sentences | |
|---|---|
| I can hear well, you don't have to shout at me, dear. | 나야 잘 들리니까, 그렇게 고함 지를 필요 없어요. |
| I'm not homophobic, but still you should've told me that before. | 호모포비아는 아니지만 그래도 말해줬어야지. |
| Maybe you can try some prawn crackers. | 새우 크래커를 먹어볼 수는 있지. |
| I don't like bank holidays, we still have to work tomorrow! | 난 뱅크 홀리데이 싫어, 우리는 내일도 일해야 된다구! |
| Plus I really have to have a shower. | 그리고 정말 샤워 좀 해야 돼. |
| Great! Can I have your number, then? | 좋아! 그럼 네 전화번호를 물어봐도 돼? |
| I can't promise, but we can try, at least. | 장담은 못하지만, 시도야 해볼 수 있지. |
| I could only find some eggs, some undated bacon and some olives. | 달걀 조금하고, 날짜 모를 베이컨이랑 올리브만 조금 찾았어. |
| Mr. Jones, I'm calling about the house in Angel! Can you hear me? | 존스 씨, 엔젤에 있는 집 때문에 전화드린 거예요! 들리세요? |
| Then we can talk, maybe! | 그러고 나서는 상의해볼 수도 있어! |
| I guess we should go and check another store. | 가서 다른 가게를 알아봐야겠네. |
| I said it was a mistake, I was terribly sorry, what else could I say? | 실수했다고, 너무 너무 죄송하다고 그랬지, 달리 무슨 말을 할 수 있었겠어? |
| Maybe you can teach me how to make phone calls. | 전화통화를 어떻게 해야 되는 건지 나한테 보여주지 그래. |
| Hm... All the stuff on the left hand side can go. | 음... 왼쪽 편에 있는 건 다 치워도 돼. |
| Check the cupboard just in front of you, it should be there. | 바로 앞에 찬장을 열어봐. 거기에 있을거야. |
| You can buy me a beer for giving you my turn. | 차례 양보해줬으니까 맥주 한 잔 사주면 좋고. |
| I can tell their sex from their face. | 얼굴을 보면 성별을 알 수 있죠. |
| Also, it's Friday, we may not be able to get a table. | 게다가 오늘은 금요일이니까, 자리가 안 날지도 몰라. |
| Then we might not be able to find it here, either. | 그럼 여기서도 못 찾을지도 모르겠다. |
| I can use incense for the smell... | 냄새 문제는 향을 피우면 되지... |
