한글
In English we use should / shouldn't /ought to / oughtn't to give advice. We use should / ought to to say something is a good thing to do and shouldn't / oughtn't to say something is a bad thing to do.
Example sentences :
Note : To ask for advice we can say: What should I do?
In English, "can" is a modal verb and only has a present, past and conditional form. It can also be used with a future meaning.
Example sentences :
Note : Can is not used to talk about specific possibilities.
Example sentences :
In English, could is used to talk about past ability/ permission/ possibility.
Example sentences :
"Be able to" can be used in the present, past, future, present perfect and as a gerund or infinitive.
Example sentences :
Note : be able to in the present and past is more formal than can or could.
In English we use might or may to say something in the future is possible, but not decided.
Example sentences :
To make questions with might we usually use Do you think...?
Example questions :
In English we can also use might in short answers.
Example short answers :
In English we use have to + infinitive to say something is necessary or obligatory. We normally use have to for a general obligation from an outside source, such as work or the law.
Examples sentences :
In English we use don't have to + infinitive to say something is not necessary or obligatory. It means you can if you want to, but it's not necessary.
Example sentences :
To make questions we use do/does.
Example questions :
Form : ( Must + infinitive without to )
In English we use must + infinitive to talk about rules and obligations. We normally use must when the speaker imposes the obligation, such as a teacher to students, or even to yourself.
Form : ( Mustn't + infinitive without to )
In English we use mustn't + infinitive to say something is prohibited.
Example sentences :
Note : You can often use can't or be + not allowed to instead of mustn't.
Example sentences :
Note : Mustn't and don't have to have completely different meanings.
Mustn't Vs Don't Have To
Note : Have to is a normal verb and exists in all tenses whereas must is a modal verb and its only forms are must and mustn't.
You can also use have to and must for strong recommendations.
Example sentences :
In English we use must when we are sure something is true.
Example sentences :
In English we use may or might when we think something is possibly true.
Examples sentences :
In English we use can't when we are sure something is impossible.
Examples sentences :
Note : In this context, the opposite of must is can't, NOT mustn't!
In the past, can't, could, may, might and must for probability change to can't have, could have, may have, might have and must have + past participle (Verb 3).
In the past, should and ought to change to should have and ought to have + past participle (Verb 3).
Note : the form of "must" for obligation and "can" are exceptions.
Must for obligation changes to had to + infinitive
Can changes to could or was able to
| Modal example sentences | |
|---|---|
| Hm... All the stuff on the left hand side can go. | 음... 왼쪽 편에 있는 건 다 치워도 돼. |
| The train leaves in a few minutes, we should get on soon. | 몇 분 안에 기차가 떠나니까, 빨리 타야겠다. |
| Hey, it's my turn, but I think Pogo should go first. | 있지, 내 차례지만, 포고가 먼저 가야 할 거 같아. |
| How can you be so sure? | 어떻게 그렇게 확신할 수가 있어? |
| Check the cupboard just in front of you, it should be there. | 바로 앞에 찬장을 열어봐. 거기에 있을거야. |
| Okay, can you boil some water in the kettle, then? | 그래, 그럼 주전자에 물 좀 끓여줄 수 있어? |
| I don't like bank holidays, we still have to work tomorrow! | 난 뱅크 홀리데이 싫어, 우리는 내일도 일해야 된다구! |
| Impossible dear, you can smoke in the kitchen or the garden! | 그렇게는 안되겠네요. 부엌이나 안뜰 가서 피우는 건 돼! |
| I can pay 700 or maximum 750 per month, only if I have to! | 정 필요하다면, 한달에 최대 700에서 750 파운드 낼 수야 있지만! |
| But I wonder what it says, can you show it to me, too? | 그치만 뭐라고 돼있는지 궁금하단 말야, 나한테도 보여주면 안돼? |
| I brought one, maybe you should bring one, too. | 난 내 거 챙겼는데. 너도 필요할 지도 몰라. |
| Could it be anywhere else? | 다른 데 어딘가 있어? |
| I don't think so, she could have been her great-grandmother, maybe. | 그건 아니라고 봐, 그 여자 증조할머니면 모를까. |
| Okay, but can we talk about when to meet first? | 응, 그런데 우리가 언제 만날지부터 먼저 정할 수 있어? |
| Yes, normally, that's what they should do. | 그렇지, 정상적으로는 그렇게 해야 되는 건데. |
| Can he walk properly now? | 이제 잘 걸어다녀? |
| I may need to leave him with Mike sometimes. | 가끔 마이크한테 돌봐달라고 해야할지도 몰라서요. |
| I can't promise, but we can try, at least. | 장담은 못하지만, 시도야 해볼 수 있지. |
| You should feel very lucky having him as a friend. | 그런 친구를 두다니 넌 정말 복 받은 거야. |
| Hmm, nope, I think we can buy everything here. | 음, 아니, 여기서 다 살 수 있을 거 같아. |
