عربي
In English we use should / shouldn't /ought to / oughtn't to give advice. We use should / ought to to say something is a good thing to do and shouldn't / oughtn't to say something is a bad thing to do.
Example sentences :
Note : To ask for advice we can say: What should I do?
In English, "can" is a modal verb and only has a present, past and conditional form. It can also be used with a future meaning.
Example sentences :
Note : Can is not used to talk about specific possibilities.
Example sentences :
In English, could is used to talk about past ability/ permission/ possibility.
Example sentences :
"Be able to" can be used in the present, past, future, present perfect and as a gerund or infinitive.
Example sentences :
Note : be able to in the present and past is more formal than can or could.
In English we use might or may to say something in the future is possible, but not decided.
Example sentences :
To make questions with might we usually use Do you think...?
Example questions :
In English we can also use might in short answers.
Example short answers :
In English we use have to + infinitive to say something is necessary or obligatory. We normally use have to for a general obligation from an outside source, such as work or the law.
Examples sentences :
In English we use don't have to + infinitive to say something is not necessary or obligatory. It means you can if you want to, but it's not necessary.
Example sentences :
To make questions we use do/does.
Example questions :
Form : ( Must + infinitive without to )
In English we use must + infinitive to talk about rules and obligations. We normally use must when the speaker imposes the obligation, such as a teacher to students, or even to yourself.
Form : ( Mustn't + infinitive without to )
In English we use mustn't + infinitive to say something is prohibited.
Example sentences :
Note : You can often use can't or be + not allowed to instead of mustn't.
Example sentences :
Note : Mustn't and don't have to have completely different meanings.
Mustn't Vs Don't Have To
Note : Have to is a normal verb and exists in all tenses whereas must is a modal verb and its only forms are must and mustn't.
You can also use have to and must for strong recommendations.
Example sentences :
In English we use must when we are sure something is true.
Example sentences :
In English we use may or might when we think something is possibly true.
Examples sentences :
In English we use can't when we are sure something is impossible.
Examples sentences :
Note : In this context, the opposite of must is can't, NOT mustn't!
In the past, can't, could, may, might and must for probability change to can't have, could have, may have, might have and must have + past participle (Verb 3).
In the past, should and ought to change to should have and ought to have + past participle (Verb 3).
Note : the form of "must" for obligation and "can" are exceptions.
Must for obligation changes to had to + infinitive
Can changes to could or was able to
| Modal example sentences | |
|---|---|
| Okay, I can make an appointment for you at 1 o'clock. | .حسنًا، يمكنني تحديد مقابلة لكِ في تمام الساعة الواحدة |
| I could only find some eggs, some undated bacon and some olives. | .لم أجد الا بعض البيض، و بعض من اللحم الغير مؤرخ و بعض الزيتون |
| Can't we have the meeting without the f*cking IT manager! | هل يمكننا عمل الإجتماع بدون مدير تكنولوجيا المعلومات ال*عين هذا؟ |
| We can continue talking about that on the train. | .يمكننا الإستمرار فى الحديث عن هذا فى القطار |
| I think the chicken must be ready by now. | .أعتقد ان الدجاج يجب ان يكون جاهزاً الان |
| That movie might even be older than me! | !هذا الفيلم ربما يكون أقدم مني |
| Haven't decided yet, but you can call me when you finish. | .لم أقرر بعد, لكن يمكنك الإتصال بى عندما تنتهى |
| Umm, can I do it after I smoke? | امم، هل يمكنني فعل ذلك بعد أن أقوم بالتدخين؟ |
| I can feel Pogo's heart beating like a maniac. | .يمكننى الشعور بدقات قلب بوجو كشخص مجنون |
| You know, the landlords should give you some kitchen utensils. | .أنت تعلمين، يجب على أصحاب المنزل ان يعطوكِ بعض أدوات المطبخ |
| Can he walk properly now? | هل يمكنه المشى بشكل سليم الان؟ |
| We can ask the shop assistant first. | .يمكننا ان نسأل البائع أولاً |
| I can try to use as many as I can. | .يمكننى محاولة إستخدام أكثر ما أستطيع |
| But I have to do it sometimes to visit my family. | .لكن أضطر الى فعل ذلك فى بعض الأحيان لزيارة عائلتى |
| I can smell something nice. | .يمكننى شم رائحة شىء جيد |
| What do you mean by they can't get married legally? | ما الذي تعنينه بأنه لا يمكنهم الزواج بشكل قانوني؟ |
| Oh yes, I can see it now. | .اوه، أجل يمكننى رؤية ذلك الان |
| It must be very difficult for your mum. | .يجب ان يكون هذا أمراً صعباً بالنسبة لوالدتك |
| Hmm, nope, I think we can buy everything here. | .هممم، لا أعتقد انه يمكننا شراء كل شىء من هنا |
| We could use theirs for once. | .يمكننا استخدام أشيائهم لمرة واحدة |
