हिन्दी
In English we use should / shouldn't /ought to / oughtn't to give advice. We use should / ought to to say something is a good thing to do and shouldn't / oughtn't to say something is a bad thing to do.
Example sentences :
Note : To ask for advice we can say: What should I do?
In English, "can" is a modal verb and only has a present, past and conditional form. It can also be used with a future meaning.
Example sentences :
Note : Can is not used to talk about specific possibilities.
Example sentences :
In English, could is used to talk about past ability/ permission/ possibility.
Example sentences :
"Be able to" can be used in the present, past, future, present perfect and as a gerund or infinitive.
Example sentences :
Note : be able to in the present and past is more formal than can or could.
In English we use might or may to say something in the future is possible, but not decided.
Example sentences :
To make questions with might we usually use Do you think...?
Example questions :
In English we can also use might in short answers.
Example short answers :
In English we use have to + infinitive to say something is necessary or obligatory. We normally use have to for a general obligation from an outside source, such as work or the law.
Examples sentences :
In English we use don't have to + infinitive to say something is not necessary or obligatory. It means you can if you want to, but it's not necessary.
Example sentences :
To make questions we use do/does.
Example questions :
Form : ( Must + infinitive without to )
In English we use must + infinitive to talk about rules and obligations. We normally use must when the speaker imposes the obligation, such as a teacher to students, or even to yourself.
Form : ( Mustn't + infinitive without to )
In English we use mustn't + infinitive to say something is prohibited.
Example sentences :
Note : You can often use can't or be + not allowed to instead of mustn't.
Example sentences :
Note : Mustn't and don't have to have completely different meanings.
Mustn't Vs Don't Have To
Note : Have to is a normal verb and exists in all tenses whereas must is a modal verb and its only forms are must and mustn't.
You can also use have to and must for strong recommendations.
Example sentences :
In English we use must when we are sure something is true.
Example sentences :
In English we use may or might when we think something is possibly true.
Examples sentences :
In English we use can't when we are sure something is impossible.
Examples sentences :
Note : In this context, the opposite of must is can't, NOT mustn't!
In the past, can't, could, may, might and must for probability change to can't have, could have, may have, might have and must have + past participle (Verb 3).
In the past, should and ought to change to should have and ought to have + past participle (Verb 3).
Note : the form of "must" for obligation and "can" are exceptions.
Must for obligation changes to had to + infinitive
Can changes to could or was able to
| Modal example sentences | |
|---|---|
| I thought I could look for more houses before my second appointment. | मैंने सोचा मैं अपनी दूसरी मुलाकात से पहले और अधिक घर खोज सकती हूँ। |
| I don't think you can use any other rice for risotto. | मुझे नहीं लगता कि आप रिसोट्टो के लिए कोई दूसरा चावल इस्तेमाल कर सकते हैं। |
| Another big problem is, I can't take Pogo with me. | दूसरी बड़ी समस्या यह है कि मैं पोगो को अपने साथ नहीं ले जा सकती। |
| That movie might even be older than me! | वो फिल्म तो मुझसे भी पुरानी होगी! |
| It doesn't matter for me, you can get the one you like best. | मुझे इससे कोई फर्क नहीं पड़ता, तुम्हें जो सबसे अच्छा लगे ले सकती हो। |
| You should, it might be more helpful to find some houses around here. | तुम्हें देखना चाहिए, इससे तुम्हें यहाँ आसपास घर खोजने में ज्यादा मदद मिल सकती है। |
| I think they should be more understanding. | मुझे लगता है उन्हें थोड़ा ज्यादा समझदार होना चाहिए। |
| I don't want to upset you, but I have to tell you something! | मैं तुम्हें नाराज़ नहीं करना चाहता, लेकिन मुझे तुमसे कुछ कहना है! |
| Great! Can I have your number, then? | बहुत अच्छा! तो क्या मुझे तुम्हारा नंबर मिल सकता है? |
| I can smell something nice. | कुछ अच्छी सुगंध आ रही है। |
| You must be joking! | लगता है आप मज़ाक कर रही हैं! |
| Hello, Camden-City Real Estate, how can I help you? | हैलो, कैमडेन-सिटी रियल एस्टेट, मैं आपकी कैसे मदद कर सकती हूँ? |
| Then I can start peeling the potatoes. | इसके बाद मैं आलू छिल सकती हूँ। |
| They must be right. | वे सही कहते हैं। |
| He is a bit of a d*ck, as you might have already realised. | यह थोड़ा बेवकूफ है, जो आपको अब तक पता चल गया होगा। |
| Sure, the room is empty so you can move in whenever you like. | हाँ जरुर, कमरा खाली है तो आप जब चाहे यहाँ आ सकती हैं। |
| I brought one, maybe you should bring one, too. | मैंने अपना जैकेट लिया है, शायद तुम्हें भी एक रख लेना चाहिए। |
| I'm just concerned about whether we can afford to rent a house! | मैं बस इस बारे में चिंतित हूँ कि हम घर किराये पर लेने का बोझ उठा सकते हैं या नहीं! |
| But we should tell them to clean up the mess. | लेकिन हमें उन्हें यह साफ करने के लिए बोल देना चाहिए। |
| I'm sorry guys, I must have miscalculated the percentages! | माफ़ करना दोस्तों, मैंने प्रतिशत गलत जोड़ दिया होगा! |
