







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| But we had some *little* problems. | でも私たちはいくつか *ちょっとだけ* 問題があるのよ。 |
| That's right, how did we forget that? | ほんとだ、どうやって忘れたんだ? |
| But then I realized my battery was about to die. | バッテリーが切れかかってることに気が付いたの。 |
| I didn't want to risk it. | 安定な方を選んだわ。 |
| Why did you wake up so early? | 何でそんなに早く起きたの? |
| When did you last visit your parents? | 最後にいつご両親の元へ訪れたの? |
| I can't believe you, where did you get it from? | 信じられないわ。どこから出したの? |
| I didn't ask when, I asked why! | いつなんて聞いてないわ、どうしてって聞いたのよ! |
| Sorry dear, I didn't mean to annoy you at all. | ごめんなさい、あなた。怒らせるつもりは全くなかったのよ。 |
| After hearing that, she decided to leave suddenly. | それを聞いたら、突然帰ることにしたんだよ。 |
| That's interesting, did you also teach them how to cook? | 面白いなぁ。彼らに料理の方法も教えてたの? |
| Unfortunately, the next one was at 11 and the last one was at 15:30. | あいにく次のアポが 11 時、最後のアポが 15 時半だったのよ。 |
| Didn't I just say the same thing? | 僕、同じ事言わなかったっけ? |
| I don't know, it was like 10. | 分からないけど、10 時頃だったよ。 |
| The book was too big for my bag, it didn't fit! | 本は私のバッグには大きすぎるわ、フィットしないわ! |
| When I first came to England, I thought it was a holiday only for banks. | イギリスに初めてきた時、公休日は公の人だけの休みだと思ったよ。 |
| Oh, do you know what we forgot? | あぁ、私たちが何を忘れたか知ってる? |
| Yes, that's me, hello, I think we talked on the phone before... | はい、私です。こんにちは。以前、電話でお話したかと思いますが… |
| So you already knew the cat was here before you came. | つまりここに来る前にはすでに猫がいると知ってたわけだ。 |
| Very funny, I think you just killed some time there. | 面白いわね。あっちで時間を潰してたんでしょ。 |