In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
Positive | ... lived. |
Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
Past simple example sentences | |
---|---|
At one point, I thought you were interested in the house. | きみ、いっときはこの家に興味があっただろ。 |
To tell you I came here earlier than we agreed! | 約束の時間より早く着いたって知らせるためさ! |
You didn't tell me what? | 言ってなかったって何を? |
The book was too big for my bag, it didn't fit! | 本は私のバッグには大きすぎるわ、フィットしないわ! |
Then the wine bottle broke, etcetera... | そしたらワインボトルを割ってしまったりして... |
Did you call this one near the station? | 駅の近くのやつだけど、電話はかけてみた? |
It was my mistake accepting the job to work with them. | 彼らとの仕事を引き受けた僕のミスだな。 |
Yeah, normally... But I'm too sick to go to work so I took the day off. | ええ、いつもはね… でも体調を崩して仕事に行けないから休暇を取ったのよ。 |
You killed my favourite movie with one punch, dear! | ケイト! 君の一言で僕の好きな映画が台無しだよ! |
I didn't want you to come out for a smoke, actually. | 実はタバコを吸いに外に出たんじゃないんだ。 |
Well, as I finished most things while you weren't here. | まあ、あなたがいない間にほとんど終わらせちゃったのよね。 |
I called you at least ten times! | 少なくとも 10 回は電話したんだぞ! |
I came here to visit her, then she went back and I stayed here. | 私は彼女のもとを訪ねにここに来たの、そしたら彼女は帰国し私がここに滞在しているの。 |
Also I caught the wasp before they managed to get stung. | あいつらが刺されないようにスズメバチを捕まえてたりもしたよ。 |
Pinocchio didn't know he wasn't a real boy in the beginning, either. | ピノキオも最初は自分が本当の男の子じゃないってことは知らなかったわよ。 |
But you just did it, why did you kill the wasp, then? | でもそうしたじゃない。それじゃあどうしてスズメバチを殺したの? |
Have fun, Diego, it was nice to meet you. | 楽しんできて、ディエゴ、会えて良かったわ。 |
It was like quarter past seven or half past. | 7時15分~7時半くらいだったわ。 |
Nope, my shoes and trousers just got a little bit wet. | してないわ、ただ靴とズボンが少しだけ濡れちゃった。 |
Because you didn't remind me! | だって君、教えてくれなかったじゃないか! |