In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
Positive | ... lived. |
Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
Past simple example sentences | |
---|---|
It's good you called me before you came today. | Hai fatto bene a chiamarmi prima di venire oggi. |
The first appointment was at 07:30 in the morning! | Il primo appuntamento era alle 7:30 del mattino! |
I went there, too, but they didn't have it, either. | Sono andata anche là ma neppure loro lo avevano. |
Did you sleep well last night? | Hai dormito bene ieri notte? |
I didn't know what to say, I didn't want to be rude, actually. | Non sapevo cosa dire, non volevo essere sgarbato, in realtà. |
Hey, I just got an idea where to put the bed! | Ehi, mi è appena venuta un’idea su dove mettere il letto! |
Nope, my shoes and trousers just got a little bit wet. | No, solo le scarpe e i pantaloni si sono bagnati un pochino. |
I don't know, did you check the expiry date? | Non lo so, hai controllato la data di scadenza? |
How come? We just called this morning! | Com’è possibile? Abbiamo parlato stamattina! |
What happened to this one? | Cos’è successo a questa? |
Exactly, I think they understood it at first sight! | Esattamente, penso lo abbiano capito a prima vista! |
You drank too many beers last night! | Hai bevuto troppe birre ieri sera! |
It was nice meeting you. | È stato un piacere conoscervi. |
No, I got myself a macchiato. | No, io mi sono presa un macchiato. |
Pinocchio didn't know he wasn't a real boy in the beginning, either. | Pinocchio non sapeva neppure lui di essere un bambino vero all’inizio. |
Of course, we all grew up together. | Naturalmente, siamo cresciuti tutti insieme. |
After hearing that, she decided to leave suddenly. | Quando ha sentito ha deciso di andarsene all’improvviso. |
I didn't have any time to go and check houses. | Non avevo tempo di andare a vedere le case. |
Then my phone rang and I went to the garden to talk. | Poi mi ha squillato il telefono e sono andato in giardino per parlare. |
5 minutes before I arrived, I called her, but she didn't answer. | 5 minuti prima di arrivare, l’ho chiamata, ma non ha risposto. |