







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| Oh, by the way, one of my best friends from Australia called me... | 아, 그나저나, 호주에서 나하고 제일 친한 친구 중 한명한테서 연락이 왔는데... |
| At one point, I thought you were interested in the house. | 나는 집이 네 마음에 드는 건가 하는 생각도 했다구. |
| What was wrong with the last house? | 마지막 집은 뭐가 문제였는데? |
| That was so easy, I can't believe it worked! | 완전 쉬웠어, 성공하다니 믿기질 않네! |
| I got you a cappuccino. | 네 건 카푸치노 사왔어. |
| Nope, I'm okay, I just had something before I came. | 됐어, 난 오기 전에 뭐 먹었어서 괜찮걸랑. |
| Oh yeah, I remember, you had some snails and you hated them. | 아하, 기억났다. 달팽이 요리를 먹고는 질색했잖아. |
| Or a demon possessed her! | 아니면 악령 들렸거나! |
| Of course not, how did you come up with that idea? | 당연히 아니지, 그런 생각은 어디서 난 거야? |
| I don't even want to remember it, but, since you asked... | 생각도 하고 싶지 않지만, 네가 물어보니까 말인데... |
| Sorry, didn't I tell you that before? | 미안, 말 안해줬나? |
| You got it right, cleaning in general! | 잘 맞혔어, 치우는 건 전반적으로 다 싫어! |
| It was a total disaster! | 완전 대재앙이었어요! |
| The price is just about the same, but it was in much better condition. | 가격대는 거의 비슷한데, 훨씬 상태가 좋았다구요. |
| Oh, what did she say? | 아, 뭐랬길래? |
| I just woke up half an hour ago. | 한 30분쯤 전에 일어났는데. |
| So you already knew the cat was here before you came. | 그러니까 당신도 여기 오기 전부터 고양이가 있다는 건 알고 있었단 거네요. |
| I didn't have any time to eat anything. | 뭘 먹고 할 시간이 없었어. |
| To where? You just came, you didn't even finish your beer. | 어디로? 방금 왔잖아. 맥주는 다 마시지도 않아놓고. |
| Yes, I had a very nice sleep. | 응, 아주 잘 잤어. |