







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| Sorry, but I have to say, we saw another house earlier today... | 미안하지만, 오늘 이전에 다른 집도 봤는데요... |
| Did you see any fire or smoke around? | 주변에 불이나 연기 난 건 봤어? |
| Hmm, I guess it was about 5 or 6 months ago. | 흠, 5-6개월 정도 됐나. |
| They are an old couple, he thought I was his son. | 나이 든 부부인데, 내가 아들인 줄 아신 모양이야. |
| Exactly... So I gave up and decided to sit at a cafe and have a coffee. | 내 말이... 그래서 포기하고 카페에 앉아서 커피 한 잔 하려고 했지. |
| We met at the vet a couple of weeks ago. | 몇 주 전에 동물병원에서 만났어. |
| I didn't want to wake you up, so I went to the kitchen. | 깨우기 미안해서, 부엌으로 갔지. |
| Hello, I booked a table for two in the name of Cate for 20:30. | 안녕하세요, 오후 8시 반에 두 사람 테이블 예약했고요, 이름은 케이트예요. |
| Yes, I just started my period an hour ago! | 그래, 한 시간 전에 막 시작했어! |
| Apparently you f*cked up, then what happened? | 정신차려 보니 x돼 있었다 이거구만. 그래서 어떡했어? |
| Nope, my shoes and trousers just got a little bit wet. | 응, 그냥 신발하고 바지가 좀 젖었어. |
| I went there, too, but they didn't have it, either. | 거기도 갔는데, 거기에도 없더라. |
| I didn't want to risk it. | 혹시나 했지. |
| I didn't want you to come out for a smoke, actually. | 사실 담배 피자고 밖으로 부른 건 아니고. |
| But it seems Julianne complained about Pogo to Nick. | 하지만 줄리앤이 닉한테 포고에 대해 불평한 모양이에요. |
| I hope I didn't make you wait long. | 제가 너무 오래 기다리게 만든 건 아니길 바라요. |
| I didn't ask when, I asked why! | 언제 지었느냐가 아니라, 왜 지었냐구! |
| You didn't tell me anything about that... | 나한테는 아무 말도 안해줬잖아... |
| I didn't have any time to eat anything. | 뭘 먹고 할 시간이 없었어. |
| What was wrong with the last house? | 마지막 집은 뭐가 문제였는데? |