







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| Did you put a question mark at the end? | 문장 끝에 물음표는 찍었고? |
| Yes, I thought about moving upstairs. | 응, 윗층에 살까도 생각해봤어. |
| I went there, too, but they didn't have it, either. | 거기도 갔는데, 거기에도 없더라. |
| I see... at least you weren't far from home. | 그렇군... 그래도 집에서 멀리 나오진 않았으니 다행이다. |
| Anyway, did you have any problems with that girl before? | 아무튼, 전에는 저 여자랑 문제 있었던 거 없었어? |
| It was my mistake accepting the job to work with them. | 같이 일을 하겠다고 한 내 잘못이지. |
| Sorry, but I have to say, we saw another house earlier today... | 미안하지만, 오늘 이전에 다른 집도 봤는데요... |
| Then when I got there, I called her again, but she didn't answer! | 도착한 다음에 다시 전화를 했는데, 또 안 받았어! |
| Really, when did you wake up? | 어라, 언제 일어났는데? |
| Oh, do you know what we forgot? | 앗, 우리 뭘 깜빡했게? |
| Then she started to talk about how she was allergic to cats, etcetera. | 그러고는 고양이에 알레르기가 있다고, 뭐 그런 말을 하기 시작하더라구요. |
| And... Your cat? I didn't know you had a cat! | 그리고... 당신 고양이인가요? 고양이가 있는 줄은 몰랐는데! |
| I got you a cappuccino. | 네 건 카푸치노 사왔어. |
| I thought you turned it on when you went home. | 집에 가서 휴대폰 켠 줄 알았더니. |
| We were just about to talk about leaving the house. | 이사 가는 거에 대해 얘기를 시작하려던 참이었잖아. |
| I'm very surprised you didn't check the wine list before you ordered. | 와인 리스트 안 보고 주문하다니 놀랐는걸. |
| Nope, there was no evidence of fire anywhere... | 아니, 불 난 흔적은 아무 데도 없었어... |
| Did something happen to Pogo? | 포고한테 무슨 일이 있어요? |
| When did you last visit your parents? | 마지막으로 부모님을 방문한 게 언제야? |
| I thought your laptop was worth a cigarette! | 네 노트북이 담배 한 개피 값은 되는 줄 알았지! |