In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
Positive | ... lived. |
Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
Past simple example sentences | |
---|---|
I don't even want to remember it, but, since you asked... | 생각도 하고 싶지 않지만, 네가 물어보니까 말인데... |
Didn't you forget something, dear? | 뭔가 깜빡한 건 없어, 자기? |
Sorry, but I have to say, we saw another house earlier today... | 미안하지만, 오늘 이전에 다른 집도 봤는데요... |
That's brilliant, did you manage to see any houses today in the end? | 기똥차구만. 결국 오늘 뭐라도 집 보기는 했어? |
He had an X-ray... | 엑스레이를 찍었는데... |
They're fine, we played a game called *catch the wasp*! | 잘 지내고 있지, "말벌을 잡아라" 놀이 했다니까! |
I came here to visit her, then she went back and I stayed here. | 언니 보러 온 거였는데, 언니는 돌아가고 내가 남은 거야. |
I hope you managed to find it, then. | 그럼 찾았길 바라. |
Pinocchio didn't know he wasn't a real boy in the beginning, either. | 피노키오도 처음에는 자기가 진짜 아이가 아닌 줄 몰랐어. |
Didn't they call you when you didn't show up at 11:00? | 11시에 안 가니까 전화 안 왔어? |
I think we should move the desk back where it was before. | 책상은 원래 있던 쪽으로 다시 옮겨야 할 거 같아. |
That was a strange conversation... What did they say? | 요상한 대화네... 그쪽에서 뭐래? |
When did you get here? I didn't see you. | 언제 온 거야? 너 못 봤는데. |
An old lady came out and shouted at me very angrily! | 웬 할머니가 나와서 나한테 호통을 치셨다고! |
Yep, I gave it to a spider in the garden. | 엉, 안뜰에 거미가 있길래 줬지. |
How did you know he was a male cat? | 고양이가 수컷인 건 어떻게 알았어요? |
I took a picture and printed it out at school! | 사진을 찍어서 학교에서 프린트 했단 말야! |
Anyway, I called the girl again, and of course, she didn't answer. | 아무튼 그래서 다시 전화를 했는데, 역시나 이번에도 전화를 안 받잖아. |
Well, as I finished most things while you weren't here. | 음, 네가 없는 동안에 내가 거의 다 끝내뒀으니까. |
Because a girl had an argument with Diego? | 어떤 여자가 디에고랑 말다툼이 나서? |