







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| Yes, while I was looking at the wine, the rice fell... | 응, 와인을 보고 있는데, 쌀이 떨어져서... |
| I called about 10 people yesterday to make appointments. | 약속을 잡으려고 어제 거의 10명한테 전화를 했다고. |
| I met him last week at the vet. | 지난 주에 동물병원에서 만났어. |
| What's the joke? I didn't get it. | 뭐가 농담인데? 모르겠는데. |
| Why didn't you remind me while I was on the phone, then! | 통화하는 중에 좀 얘기를 해주지, 글쎄! |
| Really, when did you wake up? | 어라, 언제 일어났는데? |
| I was going to today, it just happened last night! | 오늘 하려고 했지, 어젯밤 막 일어난 일이니까! |
| Did anything happen to you? | 너는 괜찮아? |
| I just took it without thinking too much. | 별 생각 없이 얻었어. |
| Nope, those are the days when I slept alone... | 그게 아니고, 그 날들은 내가 혼자 잤으니까... |
| Yep, I gave it to a spider in the garden. | 엉, 안뜰에 거미가 있길래 줬지. |
| But unfortunately, they didn't! | 안타깝게도, 안 그런 거지! |
| Then the wine bottle broke, etcetera... | 근데 와인병이 깨지고, 기타 등등... |
| Oh sorry, I didn't ask you what you wanted. | 아 미안, 뭘 마시고 싶은지 안 물어봤다. |
| Very funny, I think you just killed some time there. | 대단히 재밌으시네요. 너 그냥 시간 죽이다 온 거지. |
| What happened? Did you break a bottle? | 무슨 일이야? 병 깼어? |
| Hey, I just got an idea where to put the bed! | 나 침대 어디로 둘지 생각 났어! |
| Hello, what happened? | 안녕, 의사선생님이 뭐래? |
| It wasn't long ago. | 오래 되진 않았어. |
| I went there, too, but they didn't have it, either. | 거기도 갔는데, 거기에도 없더라. |