







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| Very funny, I think you just killed some time there. | 대단히 재밌으시네요. 너 그냥 시간 죽이다 온 거지. |
| It was nice meeting you. | 만나서 반가웠어요. |
| Did you manage to find it? | 찾아냈어? |
| Then my phone rang and I went to the garden to talk. | 그때 전화가 와서 통화하러 안뜰로 갔어요. |
| Really, how long did you live here? | 너 말야, 여기서 얼마나 오래 살았어? |
| Umm, since we met I can count the days I didn't hear you snoring. | 으음, 우리가 만난 이래로 네 코골이를 안 들었던 날은 손에 꼽을 거 같아. |
| Yeah, so I decided to go home and charge my phone. | 그렇지, 그래서 집에 돌아가서 폰을 다시 충전하려고 했어. |
| Why didn't you remind me while I was on the phone, then! | 통화하는 중에 좀 얘기를 해주지, 글쎄! |
| Anyway, did you have any problems with that girl before? | 아무튼, 전에는 저 여자랑 문제 있었던 거 없었어? |
| I just took it without thinking too much. | 별 생각 없이 얻었어. |
| I hope the other appointments weren't very far apart from each other. | 다른 약속들 사이에 뜨는 시간이 길지는 않았길 바라. |
| Hmm, why weren't we here at the time?... | 허어, 그 시간에 우린 여기 없었는데? |
| I didn't want to wake you up, so I went to the kitchen. | 깨우기 미안해서, 부엌으로 갔지. |
| Hi, what did you decide? | 안녕, 어떡할지 결정했어? |
| 5 minutes before I arrived, I called her, but she didn't answer. | 도착하기 5분 전에 전화를 했는데, 안 받잖아. |
| After a couple of minutes, I heard a scream from the kitchen... | 몇 분 뒤에, 부엌에서 비명소리가 들려서... |
| Hey, I just got an idea where to put the bed! | 나 침대 어디로 둘지 생각 났어! |
| Exactly... So I gave up and decided to sit at a cafe and have a coffee. | 내 말이... 그래서 포기하고 카페에 앉아서 커피 한 잔 하려고 했지. |
| I know, I also didn't expect it to be your favourite movie. | 알아, 네가 제일 좋아하는 영화일 줄은 몰랐는데. |
| Oh, that's a relief, did you get rid of it? | 아, 다행이다, 그럼 뒷처리는 했어? |