







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| That's right, how did we forget that? | 맞네. 어떻게 그걸 까먹었지? |
| Yes, I had a very nice sleep. | 응, 아주 잘 잤어. |
| Welcome, tonight we reserved one of our best tables for you! | 어서오세요, 두분을 위해서 가장 좋은 테이블 중 하나를 맡아드렸어요! |
| Of course I didn't, they had already started playing it before I got there! | 당연히 내가 시킨 건 아니지, 내가 가보니까 벌써 잡고 있던데! |
| Yep, I gave it to a spider in the garden. | 엉, 안뜰에 거미가 있길래 줬지. |
| After a couple of minutes, I heard a scream from the kitchen... | 몇 분 뒤에, 부엌에서 비명소리가 들려서... |
| How did you know he was a male cat? | 고양이가 수컷인 건 어떻게 알았어요? |
| That's funny... What did you forget to ask? | 그거 재밌네... 그리고 뭘 깜빡하고 안 물어봤지? |
| Yes, I just started my period an hour ago! | 그래, 한 시간 전에 막 시작했어! |
| Nope, I'm okay, I just had something before I came. | 됐어, 난 오기 전에 뭐 먹었어서 괜찮걸랑. |
| Do you remember what number it was? | 몇 번지였는지 기억해? |
| That's interesting, did you also teach them how to cook? | 재밌는걸. 요리 하는 방법도 가르쳤어? |
| How did you know that? | 어떻게 알았어? |
| I only managed to get 3 appointments for today. | 근데 오늘 약속이 잡힌 사람은 3명밖에 없었어. |
| I'm very surprised you didn't check the wine list before you ordered. | 와인 리스트 안 보고 주문하다니 놀랐는걸. |
| What kind of coffee did you get me? | 커피는 뭘로 사왔어? |
| Unfortunately, I already did. | 애석하게도 벌써 물어봐버렸는걸. |
| I didn't know your cat was here. | 고양이를 데려온 줄은 몰랐어요. |
| Where did you get that idea from!? | 그런 생각은 어디서 난 거야!? |
| Plus you drank half of my bottle of wine! | 게다가 내 와인도 절반이나 마셨잖아! |