







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| There was nothing wrong with you at the shop. | 상점에서는 아무 문제 없었는데. |
| Didn't they call you when you didn't show up at 11:00? | 11시에 안 가니까 전화 안 왔어? |
| Yes, I moved from Brighton about a month ago. | 네, 브라이튼에서 한달 쯤 전에 이사왔어요. |
| My housemates once had a dog, too. | 우리 하우스메이트들도 예전에 개를 길렀거든. |
| We should've checked inside the oven before we turned it on. | 오븐을 켜기 전에 안을 들여다볼 걸 그랬어. |
| Yeah, everything is fine, I just came here to... | 아뇨, 문제는 없고요, 무슨 일인가 하면... |
| I can't believe that, you were a very nice couple! | 믿을 수 없어. 정말 잘 어울리는 한 쌍이었는데! |
| Sorry dear, I didn't mean to annoy you at all. | 미안해, 자기, 짜증나게 하려는 마음은 전혀 없다구. |
| That's the point... It wasn't the right door! | 그게 바로 문제라구, 맞는 집이 아니었으니까! |
| Very funny, I think you just killed some time there. | 대단히 재밌으시네요. 너 그냥 시간 죽이다 온 거지. |
| Yes they do, they looked after him last time. | 있기야 하지, 전에도 봐줬으니까. |
| Except Pinocchio knew he wasn't a real boy from the beginning. | 물론 피노키오는 처음부터 자기가 진짜 아이가 아니라는 걸 알았지만. |
| What happened? Did you break a bottle? | 무슨 일이야? 병 깼어? |
| It was like quarter past seven or half past. | 7시 45분인가 7시 반인가 그쯤에. |
| Wow! Did you just agree to get a new house? | 우와! 새 집을 얻기로 동의한 거야 방금? |
| Did anything happen to you? | 너는 괜찮아? |
| I hope I didn't make you wait long. | 너무 오래 기다리게 만든 게 아니면 좋겠는데. |
| When I first came to England, I thought it was a holiday only for banks. | 영국에 처음 왔을 때, 뱅크 홀리데이라길래 은행만 쉬는 날인 줄 알았죠. |
| I met him last week at the vet. | 지난 주에 동물병원에서 만났어. |
| I didn't know what to say, I didn't want to be rude, actually. | 뭐라고 말해야 할지 몰랐어, 사실 무례하게 굴고 싶진 않았어. |