







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| Bye Toby, it was nice talking to you! | 잘 있어요 토비, 만나서 반가웠어요! |
| Yeah, it was a good trick, who did you learn it from? | 맞아, 좋은 수였지, 누가 가르쳐주셨나 몰라? |
| I hope I didn't make you wait long. | 너무 오래 기다리게 만든 게 아니면 좋겠는데. |
| I checked the train schedule on the internet. | 인터넷에서 기차 시간표를 확인했는데. |
| You didn't tell me what? | 뭘 말 안해줬어? |
| Diego was living in this house and there was a vacancy. | 디에고가 이 집에 살고 있었는데 방이 비길래. |
| To tell you I came here earlier than we agreed! | 말한 거보다 일찍 왔다고 얘기해 주려고! |
| Look at that, it splashed water all over me! | 봐봐, 내 몸에 물이 다 튀었어! |
| How did we switch from Mayfair to the suburbs that fast? | 메이페어에서 교외라니 어쩌다 이렇게 빨리 바뀌었담? |
| I hope it wasn't an expensive wine! | 비싼 와인이 아니면 좋을텐데! |
| Yep, I gave it to a spider in the garden. | 엉, 안뜰에 거미가 있길래 줬지. |
| I didn't want to risk it. | 혹시나 했지. |
| Sorry, Julianne, I didn't know you were still here. | 미안해요, 줄리앤, 아직 있는 줄 몰랐어요. |
| The water spilled all over the bench, too! | 의자에도 물이 다 튀었어! |
| What the f*ck! I didn't know that! | 뭐야 미친! 몰랐잖아! |
| I don't know, it was like 10. | 나도 몰라, 한 10시쯤. |
| To where? You just came, you didn't even finish your beer. | 어디로? 방금 왔잖아. 맥주는 다 마시지도 않아놓고. |
| We talked on the phone before. | 아까 통화했잖아. |
| Why didn't you tell me that before? | 그걸 왜 진작에 말을 안해줬어? |
| Because it's in my bag, I didn't hear it. | 가방에 넣어둬서 못 들었지. |