







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| I didn't ask when, I asked why! | 언제 지었느냐가 아니라, 왜 지었냐구! |
| How did we switch from Mayfair to the suburbs that fast? | 메이페어에서 교외라니 어쩌다 이렇게 빨리 바뀌었담? |
| Did you just meet him tonight? | 오늘밤 이제 막 만난 거야? |
| Yes sure, you promised to take me to Brighton Pier. | 물론이지, 네가 브라이튼 부두 보여주기로 약속했잖아. |
| Then suddenly, a vicious dog just came and... | 갑자기 엄청 맹견이 튀어나와서... |
| Yeah, normally... But I'm too sick to go to work so I took the day off. | 그래요, 보통은 그런데... 오늘 출근하기에 너무 아파서 휴가 썼다구요. |
| I used the same logic as you... | 네 논리 그대로 적용한 거잖아... |
| I got you a cappuccino. | 네 건 카푸치노 사왔어. |
| Did something happen to Pogo? | 포고한테 무슨 일이 있어요? |
| Because it's in my bag, I didn't hear it. | 가방에 넣어둬서 못 들었지. |
| Yeah, it was a good trick, who did you learn it from? | 맞아, 좋은 수였지, 누가 가르쳐주셨나 몰라? |
| Unbelievable, how did you know that? | 놀라워라, 그걸 어떻게 알아내셨담? |
| That's interesting, did you also teach them how to cook? | 재밌는걸. 요리 하는 방법도 가르쳤어? |
| At one point, I thought you were interested in the house. | 나는 집이 네 마음에 드는 건가 하는 생각도 했다구. |
| I called you at least ten times! | 나 10번도 넘게 전화했다고! |
| Oh, what did she say? | 아, 뭐랬길래? |
| Oh sorry, I didn't know that. | 아, 미안. 그런 줄은 몰랐지. |
| Why didn't you remind me while I was on the phone, then! | 통화하는 중에 좀 얘기를 해주지, 글쎄! |
| Well, as I finished most things while you weren't here. | 음, 네가 없는 동안에 내가 거의 다 끝내뒀으니까. |
| It was a total disaster! | 완전 대재앙이었어요! |