







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| I used the same logic as you... | 네 논리 그대로 적용한 거잖아... |
| When I first came to England, I thought it was a holiday only for banks. | 영국에 처음 왔을 때, 뱅크 홀리데이라길래 은행만 쉬는 날인 줄 알았죠. |
| I only went to the kitchen and no one was there. | 부엌에만 갔는데 아무도 없던걸. |
| Then my phone rang and I went to the garden to talk. | 그때 전화가 와서 통화하러 안뜰로 갔어요. |
| I saw a coffee shop just outside the station. | 역 바로 바깥에 카페를 봤어. |
| What happened to this one? | 이 사람은 또 뭐가 문제래? |
| I thought your laptop was worth a cigarette! | 네 노트북이 담배 한 개피 값은 되는 줄 알았지! |
| So I got one chocolate and one blueberry one. | 그래서 초코 하나랑 블루베리 하나 사왔어. |
| How come? We just called this morning! | 그럴 리가요? 오늘 아침에 전화드렸는걸요! |
| Later on, I realized it was too crowded and noisy for me. | 나중에 깨닫고 보니, 내 입맛에는 너무 사람도 많고 시끄럽더라구. |
| What's the joke? I didn't get it. | 뭐가 농담인데? 모르겠는데. |
| I'm still shocked... I can't believe what I just heard! | 아직도 충격이야... 무슨 말을 들은 건지 믿기지도 않아! |
| Oh, what did she say? | 아, 뭐랬길래? |
| Yeah, so I decided to go home and charge my phone. | 그렇지, 그래서 집에 돌아가서 폰을 다시 충전하려고 했어. |
| I left it on this chair! | 이 의자 위에 뒀는데! |
| Sorry, didn't I tell you that before? | 미안, 말 안해줬나? |
| It seems I forgot to turn it on after I plugged it into the charger! | 충전기에 꽂아놓고 켜는 걸 깜빡한 모양이더라구! |
| Hm, you didn't tell me that before! | 엥, 미리 안 말해 줬잖아! |
| Anyway, I woke up at 07:00 and went to see the first one. | 아무튼, 7시에 일어나서 첫 집을 보러 갔지. |
| Hello, I booked a table for two in the name of Cate for 20:30. | 안녕하세요, 오후 8시 반에 두 사람 테이블 예약했고요, 이름은 케이트예요. |