







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| Unbelievable, how did you know that? | 놀라워라, 그걸 어떻게 알아내셨담? |
| How come? We just called this morning! | 그럴 리가요? 오늘 아침에 전화드렸는걸요! |
| Why didn't you tell me that before? | 그걸 왜 진작에 말을 안해줬어? |
| Then the wine bottle broke, etcetera... | 근데 와인병이 깨지고, 기타 등등... |
| When did you last visit your parents? | 마지막으로 부모님을 방문한 게 언제야? |
| I can't believe you, where did you get it from? | 말도 안돼, 어디서 난 거야? |
| I didn't say that, I was just reminding you of what you said before. | 그런 말은 안 했지, 그냥 네가 전에 무슨 말을 했는지 되짚어 주는 거야. |
| Pinocchio didn't know he wasn't a real boy in the beginning, either. | 피노키오도 처음에는 자기가 진짜 아이가 아닌 줄 몰랐어. |
| No, I couldn't, I went to Sainsbury's, they didn't have it. | 못 찾았어, 세인즈버리에도 갔는데, 없더라고. |
| Bye Toby, it was nice talking to you! | 잘 있어요 토비, 만나서 반가웠어요! |
| An old lady came out and shouted at me very angrily! | 웬 할머니가 나와서 나한테 호통을 치셨다고! |
| What made you change your mind? | 왜 생각을 바꿨어? |
| We also tried to find a house for you a couple of weeks ago. | 그리고 몇 주 전에 너희 집을 구하려고 같이 알아보기도 했고. |
| No, I didn't have much money in it. | 아니, 돈이 많이 있진 않았는데요. |
| Except Pinocchio knew he wasn't a real boy from the beginning. | 물론 피노키오는 처음부터 자기가 진짜 아이가 아니라는 걸 알았지만. |
| You didn't tell me what? | 뭘 말 안해줬어? |
| Yes, I had a very nice sleep. | 응, 아주 잘 잤어. |
| For no reason? How did she go mental? | 이유도 없이? 어떻게 또라이처럼 굴었다는 거야? |
| It seems I forgot to turn it on after I plugged it into the charger! | 충전기에 꽂아놓고 켜는 걸 깜빡한 모양이더라구! |
| I thought you turned it on when you went home. | 집에 가서 휴대폰 켠 줄 알았더니. |