







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| I only managed to get 3 appointments for today. | 근데 오늘 약속이 잡힌 사람은 3명밖에 없었어. |
| I think we should move the desk back where it was before. | 책상은 원래 있던 쪽으로 다시 옮겨야 할 거 같아. |
| At one point, I thought you were interested in the house. | 나는 집이 네 마음에 드는 건가 하는 생각도 했다구. |
| Oh, what did she say? | 아, 뭐랬길래? |
| I hadn't realised you could remember things so fast before! | 네가 기억력이 그렇게 좋은 줄 여태 몰랐는데! |
| After just a couple of minutes, it died. | 한 몇 분 있더니 폰이 죽었어. |
| You nearly gave me a heart attack! | 심장 떨어지는 줄 알았다! |
| Did anything happen to you? | 너는 괜찮아? |
| Yeah, everything is fine, I just came here to... | 아뇨, 문제는 없고요, 무슨 일인가 하면... |
| There was nothing wrong with you at the shop. | 상점에서는 아무 문제 없었는데. |
| I just got here mate, about 5 minutes ago. | 방금 왔다구 친구, 한 5분 전에. |
| This was the only one left on the shelf. | 선반에 이거 밖에 안 남아있더라구요. |
| She was yelling at me like how dirty we were... | 우리가 너무 더럽다고 소리를 지르고... |
| Yes, I managed to see the last one... But I didn't like it! | 응, 마지막 약속 집은 봤는데... 마음에 안 들잖아! |
| But we had some *little* problems. | 하지만 좀 *사소한* 문제가 있었지 뭐야. |
| At least you didn't waste your whole day off for nothing! | 그래도 아무것도 안 하고 하루를 보내지는 않았네! |
| I left it on this chair! | 이 의자 위에 뒀는데! |
| Can you please tell me what I had there? | 내가 거기서 뭘 먹었는지 말해볼 수 있겠어? |
| Today Rebecca called me about... | 오늘 레베카가 나한테 전화를 해서는... |
| How did you know that? | 어떻게 알았어? |