







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| Nope, those are the days when I slept alone... | 그게 아니고, 그 날들은 내가 혼자 잤으니까... |
| I don't know, did you check the expiry date? | 글쎄, 유통기한은 확인했어? |
| I have to say, your checking the heaters lie wasn't very clever. | 히터 점검해야 한다는 거짓말은 딱히 그럴싸하지 않았다고 말해둬야 겠는걸요. |
| Unfortunately, it is... Weren't there any pictures of the house? | 슬프게도, 맞는 주소야... 집 사진 같은 거 없었어? |
| Oh my god, I'm sorry dear, I got what you meant just now... | 아이고 세상에, 미안해 자기, 아까 무슨 뜻이었는지 이제야 이해했네... |
| Yes, I had a very nice sleep. | 응, 아주 잘 잤어. |
| But then I realized my battery was about to die. | 근데 배터리가 거의 다 된 거야. |
| I didn't realise there was a problem with the toilet! | 변기에 문제가 있는 줄은 모르고 있었네! |
| Erm, okay guys, let me explain what happened... | 으음, 알겠어요 두분, 무슨 일이 있었는지 설명을 할게요... |
| Any idea why they decided to sell the house suddenly? | 갑자기 집을 팔기로 한 이유가 뭔지 감 잡히는 거 있어? |
| You drank too many beers last night! | 어젯 밤에 맥주 너무 많이 따더라! |
| Did you manage to find it? | 찾아냈어? |
| Umm, since we met I can count the days I didn't hear you snoring. | 으음, 우리가 만난 이래로 네 코골이를 안 들었던 날은 손에 꼽을 거 같아. |
| Hmm, I guess it was about 5 or 6 months ago. | 흠, 5-6개월 정도 됐나. |
| Later on, I realized it was too crowded and noisy for me. | 나중에 깨닫고 보니, 내 입맛에는 너무 사람도 많고 시끄럽더라구. |
| Did you check the price of the rice? | 쌀 가격 확인해봤어? |
| While I finished doing things here by myself! | 난 여기서 일 다 끝내놓고 있는 동안! |
| You nearly gave me a heart attack! | 심장 떨어지는 줄 알았다! |
| That was a strange conversation... What did they say? | 요상한 대화네... 그쪽에서 뭐래? |
| It was there when you went to the bar. | 네가 바 쪽으로 갈 때까지는 거기 있던데. |