







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| How did you know that? | 어떻게 알았어? |
| Nope, those are the days when I slept alone... | 그게 아니고, 그 날들은 내가 혼자 잤으니까... |
| I'm his friend from London, as he mentioned! | 얘기한 것처럼, 런던에서 온 "친구"니까요! |
| Sorry, didn't I tell you that before? | 미안, 말 안해줬나? |
| It happened later in the movie, I mean the story. | 그건 영화 나중에, 아니 이야기 나중에 나오는 거잖아. |
| Is that how long your relationship with Jen was, also? | 젠하고도 그렇게 오래 사귀었던 거야? |
| It was there when you went to the bar. | 네가 바 쪽으로 갈 때까지는 거기 있던데. |
| What did you cook for breakfast? | 아침으로 뭘 요리한 거야? |
| An old lady came out and shouted at me very angrily! | 웬 할머니가 나와서 나한테 호통을 치셨다고! |
| Because a girl had an argument with Diego? | 어떤 여자가 디에고랑 말다툼이 나서? |
| Anyway, did you have any problems with that girl before? | 아무튼, 전에는 저 여자랑 문제 있었던 거 없었어? |
| The price is just about the same, but it was in much better condition. | 가격대는 거의 비슷한데, 훨씬 상태가 좋았다구요. |
| You didn't tell me anything about that... | 나한테는 아무 말도 안해줬잖아... |
| But it seems Julianne complained about Pogo to Nick. | 하지만 줄리앤이 닉한테 포고에 대해 불평한 모양이에요. |
| He had an X-ray... | 엑스레이를 찍었는데... |
| Actually, I didn't even know you had a cat! | 실은, 고양이가 있으신 줄도 몰랐죠! |
| It's good you called me before you came today. | 오시기 전에 전화하셔서 정말 다행이네요. |
| Oh sorry, I didn't ask you what you wanted. | 아 미안, 뭘 마시고 싶은지 안 물어봤다. |
| Then the wine bottle broke, etcetera... | 근데 와인병이 깨지고, 기타 등등... |
| It was nice meeting you. | 만나서 반가웠어요. |