







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| The book was too big for my bag, it didn't fit! | 책이 너무 컸다구, 가방에 안 들어가! |
| Really, how long did you live here? | 너 말야, 여기서 얼마나 오래 살았어? |
| You nearly gave me a heart attack! | 심장 떨어지는 줄 알았다! |
| Because you didn't remind me! | 네가 얘기를 안 해주길래! |
| Oh my god, I'm sorry dear, I got what you meant just now... | 아이고 세상에, 미안해 자기, 아까 무슨 뜻이었는지 이제야 이해했네... |
| What made you change your mind? | 왜 생각을 바꿨어? |
| I didn't have any time to eat anything. | 뭘 먹고 할 시간이 없었어. |
| Why didn't you tell me that before? | 그걸 왜 진작에 말을 안해줬어? |
| We've been coming here since Pogo was a kitten. | 포고가 아기 고양이였을 적부터 데리고 왔거든. |
| I just woke up half an hour ago. | 한 30분쯤 전에 일어났는데. |
| Look at that, it splashed water all over me! | 봐봐, 내 몸에 물이 다 튀었어! |
| Can you please tell me what I had there? | 내가 거기서 뭘 먹었는지 말해볼 수 있겠어? |
| Of course, we all grew up together. | 물론이지, 다들 어릴 때 같이 자랐는걸. |
| It wasn't long ago. | 오래 되진 않았어. |
| When I first came to England, I thought it was a holiday only for banks. | 영국에 처음 왔을 때, 뱅크 홀리데이라길래 은행만 쉬는 날인 줄 알았죠. |
| I don't know, it was like 10. | 나도 몰라, 한 10시쯤. |
| Didn't I just say the same thing? | 내가 말이 헛나왔나? |
| Yes, I had a very nice sleep. | 응, 아주 잘 잤어. |
| I knew it was too good to be true! | 어쩐지 술술 풀린다 했어! |
| Hm, you didn't tell me that before! | 엥, 미리 안 말해 줬잖아! |