







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| I think we should move the desk back where it was before. | 책상은 원래 있던 쪽으로 다시 옮겨야 할 거 같아. |
| I'm almost at Brighton! Why didn't you inform me earlier? | 나 브라이튼 거의 다 왔다고! 왜 미리 말해주지 않은 거야? |
| That was so easy, I can't believe it worked! | 완전 쉬웠어, 성공하다니 믿기질 않네! |
| What!? So you complained to Nick about our cat! | 뭐라고요!? 그러니까 당신이 닉한테 우리 고양이 갖고 불평을 한 거네요! |
| I saw her at the toilet door throwing the frying pan into the toilet bowl. | 줄리앤이 화장실 문에 서서 변기통에다 대고 프라이팬을 던지고 있잖아. |
| What brought you to London? | 너는 왜 런던에 있어? |
| I came here to visit her, then she went back and I stayed here. | 언니 보러 온 거였는데, 언니는 돌아가고 내가 남은 거야. |
| I got you a cappuccino. | 네 건 카푸치노 사왔어. |
| Erm... yes, we kind of did... we broke up! | 어음... 응, 그랬다고 볼 수 있지.... 깨졌으니까! |
| I have to say, your checking the heaters lie wasn't very clever. | 히터 점검해야 한다는 거짓말은 딱히 그럴싸하지 않았다고 말해둬야 겠는걸요. |
| Sorry, but I have to say, we saw another house earlier today... | 미안하지만, 오늘 이전에 다른 집도 봤는데요... |
| I didn't know what to say, I didn't want to be rude, actually. | 뭐라고 말해야 할지 몰랐어, 사실 무례하게 굴고 싶진 않았어. |
| It wasn't long ago. | 오래 되진 않았어. |
| You got it right, cleaning in general! | 잘 맞혔어, 치우는 건 전반적으로 다 싫어! |
| Nope, my shoes and trousers just got a little bit wet. | 응, 그냥 신발하고 바지가 좀 젖었어. |
| It was like quarter past seven or half past. | 7시 45분인가 7시 반인가 그쯤에. |
| Today Rebecca called me about... | 오늘 레베카가 나한테 전화를 해서는... |
| I went home and plugged my phone into the charger... | 집에 가서 충전기에 폰을 꽂았고... |
| Oh, what did she say? | 아, 뭐랬길래? |
| Oh, do you know what we forgot? | 앗, 우리 뭘 깜빡했게? |