







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| But unfortunately, they didn't! | 안타깝게도, 안 그런 거지! |
| Hmm, I guess it was about 5 or 6 months ago. | 흠, 5-6개월 정도 됐나. |
| Did you have much money in your purse? | 지갑에 돈이 많이 있었어요? |
| Umm, since we met I can count the days I didn't hear you snoring. | 으음, 우리가 만난 이래로 네 코골이를 안 들었던 날은 손에 꼽을 거 같아. |
| No, I got myself a macchiato. | 아니, 난 마끼아또 사왔어. |
| If you are allergic to cats, why didn't you talk to me directly? | 고양이 알레르기가 있으면, 저한테 직접 얘기하면 됐잖아요? |
| I don't even want to remember it, but, since you asked... | 생각도 하고 싶지 않지만, 네가 물어보니까 말인데... |
| Hey, I just got an idea where to put the bed! | 나 침대 어디로 둘지 생각 났어! |
| Unfortunately, it is... Weren't there any pictures of the house? | 슬프게도, 맞는 주소야... 집 사진 같은 거 없었어? |
| And we just bumped into each other tonight. | 그러다 오늘밤 우연히 마주쳤어. |
| Oh, do you know what we forgot? | 앗, 우리 뭘 깜빡했게? |
| That was a strange conversation... What did they say? | 요상한 대화네... 그쪽에서 뭐래? |
| Then my phone rang and I went to the garden to talk. | 그때 전화가 와서 통화하러 안뜰로 갔어요. |
| Oh yeah, I remember, you had some snails and you hated them. | 아하, 기억났다. 달팽이 요리를 먹고는 질색했잖아. |
| It seems you checked the production date. | 제조일자를 확인하신 것 같아요. |
| Yes, I thought about moving upstairs. | 응, 윗층에 살까도 생각해봤어. |
| Anyway, what did you say to the old lady? | 아무튼, 그럼 그 할머니한테는 뭐라고 했어? |
| Did you get yourself a cappuccino, too? | 네 것도 카푸치노 사왔어? |
| And... Your cat? I didn't know you had a cat! | 그리고... 당신 고양이인가요? 고양이가 있는 줄은 몰랐는데! |
| I didn't have any time to eat anything. | 뭘 먹고 할 시간이 없었어. |