







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| Did you check the price of the rice? | 쌀 가격 확인해봤어? |
| What!? So you complained to Nick about our cat! | 뭐라고요!? 그러니까 당신이 닉한테 우리 고양이 갖고 불평을 한 거네요! |
| You got it right, cleaning in general! | 잘 맞혔어, 치우는 건 전반적으로 다 싫어! |
| For no reason? How did she go mental? | 이유도 없이? 어떻게 또라이처럼 굴었다는 거야? |
| Bye Toby, it was nice talking to you! | 잘 있어요 토비, 만나서 반가웠어요! |
| It was nice meeting you. | 만나서 반가웠어요. |
| I guess you didn't mention that on the ad. | 광고에 그 말은 안하셨던 거 같은데요. |
| I went there, too, but they didn't have it, either. | 거기도 갔는데, 거기에도 없더라. |
| No, I got myself a macchiato. | 아니, 난 마끼아또 사왔어. |
| Of course not, how did you come up with that idea? | 당연히 아니지, 그런 생각은 어디서 난 거야? |
| I thought your laptop was worth a cigarette! | 네 노트북이 담배 한 개피 값은 되는 줄 알았지! |
| Oh, that's a relief, did you get rid of it? | 아, 다행이다, 그럼 뒷처리는 했어? |
| Yes, I got some missed call notifications after I turned my phone on! | 응, 휴대폰 켜고 보니까 부재중 통화 표시가 몇 개 떠있더라구. |
| Where did you get that idea from!? | 그런 생각은 어디서 난 거야!? |
| To where? You just came, you didn't even finish your beer. | 어디로? 방금 왔잖아. 맥주는 다 마시지도 않아놓고. |
| It seems you checked the production date. | 제조일자를 확인하신 것 같아요. |
| Did you sleep well last night? | 어젯밤 잠은 잘 잤고? |
| Nope, my shoes and trousers just got a little bit wet. | 응, 그냥 신발하고 바지가 좀 젖었어. |
| This was the only one left on the shelf. | 선반에 이거 밖에 안 남아있더라구요. |
| It's a nice area, I considered living there once, too... | 좋은 동네지, 나도 거기 살까 하는 생각을 한 적 있는데... |