







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| 5 minutes before I arrived, I called her, but she didn't answer. | 도착하기 5분 전에 전화를 했는데, 안 받잖아. |
| Sorry, Julianne, I didn't know you were still here. | 미안해요, 줄리앤, 아직 있는 줄 몰랐어요. |
| When did it happen exactly? | 정확히 언제 일어난 건데? |
| I saw a coffee shop just outside the station. | 역 바로 바깥에 카페를 봤어. |
| I don't know, it was like 10. | 나도 몰라, 한 10시쯤. |
| Did you sleep well last night? | 어젯밤 잠은 잘 잤고? |
| But didn't we already buy the cheese grated? | 근데 치즈는 이미 갈아진 걸로 사지 않았어? |
| I was going to today, it just happened last night! | 오늘 하려고 했지, 어젯밤 막 일어난 일이니까! |
| Anyway, I called the girl again, and of course, she didn't answer. | 아무튼 그래서 다시 전화를 했는데, 역시나 이번에도 전화를 안 받잖아. |
| I didn't say monthly! I meant paying 100 more each daily... | 월 단위라고 안 그랬지! 매일 100파운드씩 더 내면 된다는 거였지... |
| Wow! Did you just agree to get a new house? | 우와! 새 집을 얻기로 동의한 거야 방금? |
| Exactly, I think they understood it at first sight! | 바로 그 말이야, 보자마자 눈치 챘을 거야! |
| For no reason? How did she go mental? | 이유도 없이? 어떻게 또라이처럼 굴었다는 거야? |
| It totally slipped my mind! | 완전히 까먹었어! |
| Yes, I got some missed call notifications after I turned my phone on! | 응, 휴대폰 켜고 보니까 부재중 통화 표시가 몇 개 떠있더라구. |
| I see... at least you weren't far from home. | 그렇군... 그래도 집에서 멀리 나오진 않았으니 다행이다. |
| And I don't know why but suddenly she went mental! | 이유는 나도 모르겠지만 갑자기 또라이처럼 굴잖아요! |
| There was nothing wrong with you at the shop. | 상점에서는 아무 문제 없었는데. |
| You didn't tell me anything about that... | 나한테는 아무 말도 안해줬잖아... |
| Apparently you f*cked up, then what happened? | 정신차려 보니 x돼 있었다 이거구만. 그래서 어떡했어? |