







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| Yes they do, they looked after him last time. | 있기야 하지, 전에도 봐줬으니까. |
| Anyway, I woke up at 07:00 and went to see the first one. | 아무튼, 7시에 일어나서 첫 집을 보러 갔지. |
| Yes, I moved from Brighton about a month ago. | 네, 브라이튼에서 한달 쯤 전에 이사왔어요. |
| I got you a cappuccino. | 네 건 카푸치노 사왔어. |
| I'm not sure, I started using it when I moved into this house. | 잘 모르겠어, 이 집 들어와서 쓰기 시작했거든. |
| I see... at least you weren't far from home. | 그렇군... 그래도 집에서 멀리 나오진 않았으니 다행이다. |
| Yep, I gave it to a spider in the garden. | 엉, 안뜰에 거미가 있길래 줬지. |
| That's funny... What did you forget to ask? | 그거 재밌네... 그리고 뭘 깜빡하고 안 물어봤지? |
| Diego was living in this house and there was a vacancy. | 디에고가 이 집에 살고 있었는데 방이 비길래. |
| Also I caught the wasp before they managed to get stung. | 그리고 걔네가 쏘이기 전에 내가 말벌을 잡아줬다구. |
| Yes, I got some missed call notifications after I turned my phone on! | 응, 휴대폰 켜고 보니까 부재중 통화 표시가 몇 개 떠있더라구. |
| No, don't worry, nothing happened to him. | 아뇨, 걱정 마요, 포고는 괜찮으니까. |
| I just got here mate, about 5 minutes ago. | 방금 왔다구 친구, 한 5분 전에. |
| I checked the train schedule on the internet. | 인터넷에서 기차 시간표를 확인했는데. |
| And we just bumped into each other tonight. | 그러다 오늘밤 우연히 마주쳤어. |
| Unbelievable, how did you know that? | 놀라워라, 그걸 어떻게 알아내셨담? |
| How did we switch from Mayfair to the suburbs that fast? | 메이페어에서 교외라니 어쩌다 이렇게 빨리 바뀌었담? |
| Of course not, how did you come up with that idea? | 당연히 아니지, 그런 생각은 어디서 난 거야? |
| Plus you drank half of my bottle of wine! | 게다가 내 와인도 절반이나 마셨잖아! |
| At least you didn't waste your whole day off for nothing! | 그래도 아무것도 안 하고 하루를 보내지는 않았네! |