







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| I called about 10 people yesterday to make appointments. | 약속을 잡으려고 어제 거의 10명한테 전화를 했다고. |
| Did you have much money in your purse? | 지갑에 돈이 많이 있었어요? |
| The first appointment was at 07:30 in the morning! | 첫 약속이 아침 7시 반에 잡혔다고! |
| I went there, too, but they didn't have it, either. | 거기도 갔는데, 거기에도 없더라. |
| Did you just meet him tonight? | 오늘밤 이제 막 만난 거야? |
| What happened? Did you break a bottle? | 무슨 일이야? 병 깼어? |
| How come? We just called this morning! | 그럴 리가요? 오늘 아침에 전화드렸는걸요! |
| Unfortunately, I already did. | 애석하게도 벌써 물어봐버렸는걸. |
| This was the only one left on the shelf. | 선반에 이거 밖에 안 남아있더라구요. |
| It was there when you went to the bar. | 네가 바 쪽으로 갈 때까지는 거기 있던데. |
| I thought your laptop was worth a cigarette! | 네 노트북이 담배 한 개피 값은 되는 줄 알았지! |
| Yes, while I was looking at the wine, the rice fell... | 응, 와인을 보고 있는데, 쌀이 떨어져서... |
| What!? So you complained to Nick about our cat! | 뭐라고요!? 그러니까 당신이 닉한테 우리 고양이 갖고 불평을 한 거네요! |
| I'm his friend from London, as he mentioned! | 얘기한 것처럼, 런던에서 온 "친구"니까요! |
| Bye Toby, it was nice talking to you! | 잘 있어요 토비, 만나서 반가웠어요! |
| Actually, I was going to ask you something at the pub, but Diego interrupted me. | 실은, 술집에서 뭘 물어보려고 했는데, 디에고가 끼어들어서. |
| Umm, since we met I can count the days I didn't hear you snoring. | 으음, 우리가 만난 이래로 네 코골이를 안 들었던 날은 손에 꼽을 거 같아. |
| Then, apparently I fell asleep... And slept for a couple of hours! | 그러고는 정신차려 보니 잠을 들었고... 몇 시간 동안이나 잤지 뭐야! |
| You know we talked about bringing Pogo here one day. | 언젠가 여기 포고를 데려올까 하는 얘기를 했잖아. |
| Did the chips remind you of her? | 감자튀김 얘기하니까 생각났나봐? |