







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| It wasn't long ago. | 오래 되진 않았어. |
| And... Your cat? I didn't know you had a cat! | 그리고... 당신 고양이인가요? 고양이가 있는 줄은 몰랐는데! |
| Yes, I did, did you? | 응, 너는? |
| The book was too big for my bag, it didn't fit! | 책이 너무 컸다구, 가방에 안 들어가! |
| I just took it without thinking too much. | 별 생각 없이 얻었어. |
| Then when I got there, I called her again, but she didn't answer! | 도착한 다음에 다시 전화를 했는데, 또 안 받았어! |
| You, too, I hope you found the house easily. | 저도요. 집은 찾아오기 어렵지 않으셨길 바라요. |
| Basically, we were both in the kitchen last night... | 그러니까, 둘다 밤에 부엌에 있었는데... |
| Yes, I moved from Brighton about a month ago. | 네, 브라이튼에서 한달 쯤 전에 이사왔어요. |
| You drank too many beers last night! | 어젯 밤에 맥주 너무 많이 따더라! |
| I met him last week at the vet. | 지난 주에 동물병원에서 만났어. |
| They're fine, we played a game called *catch the wasp*! | 잘 지내고 있지, "말벌을 잡아라" 놀이 했다니까! |
| Did you have much money in your purse? | 지갑에 돈이 많이 있었어요? |
| Hello, I booked a table for two in the name of Cate for 20:30. | 안녕하세요, 오후 8시 반에 두 사람 테이블 예약했고요, 이름은 케이트예요. |
| But didn't we already buy the cheese grated? | 근데 치즈는 이미 갈아진 걸로 사지 않았어? |
| Where did you get that idea from!? | 그런 생각은 어디서 난 거야!? |
| What brought you to London? | 너는 왜 런던에 있어? |
| Yes, I got some missed call notifications after I turned my phone on! | 응, 휴대폰 켜고 보니까 부재중 통화 표시가 몇 개 떠있더라구. |
| I know, I also didn't expect it to be your favourite movie. | 알아, 네가 제일 좋아하는 영화일 줄은 몰랐는데. |
| Can you please tell me what I had there? | 내가 거기서 뭘 먹었는지 말해볼 수 있겠어? |