







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| Didn't you forget something, dear? | 뭔가 깜빡한 건 없어, 자기? |
| I didn't want you to come out for a smoke, actually. | 사실 담배 피자고 밖으로 부른 건 아니고. |
| Oh, that's a relief, did you get rid of it? | 아, 다행이다, 그럼 뒷처리는 했어? |
| I hope I didn't make you wait long. | 너무 오래 기다리게 만든 게 아니면 좋겠는데. |
| And... Your cat? I didn't know you had a cat! | 그리고... 당신 고양이인가요? 고양이가 있는 줄은 몰랐는데! |
| Yeah, normally... But I'm too sick to go to work so I took the day off. | 그래요, 보통은 그런데... 오늘 출근하기에 너무 아파서 휴가 썼다구요. |
| Didn't you hear what she said? | 말하는 거 못 들었어? |
| I know, I also didn't expect it to be your favourite movie. | 알아, 네가 제일 좋아하는 영화일 줄은 몰랐는데. |
| Yeah, I know that, I got this place because I was in a hurry. | 응, 알아. 급하게 구하던 거라서 여기로 얻었어. |
| But I really wanted to go there tonight. | 그치만 오늘 밤 꼭 거길 가고 싶었는데. |
| Then when I got there, I called her again, but she didn't answer! | 도착한 다음에 다시 전화를 했는데, 또 안 받았어! |
| Yes they do, they looked after him last time. | 있기야 하지, 전에도 봐줬으니까. |
| But it seems Julianne complained about Pogo to Nick. | 하지만 줄리앤이 닉한테 포고에 대해 불평한 모양이에요. |
| Did you call this one near the station? | 역 근처에 여기는 전화해봤어? |
| No, I didn't have much money in it. | 아니, 돈이 많이 있진 않았는데요. |
| We talked on the phone before. | 아까 통화했잖아. |
| Unbelievable, how did you know that? | 놀라워라, 그걸 어떻게 알아내셨담? |
| Because it's in my bag, I didn't hear it. | 가방에 넣어둬서 못 들었지. |
| What happened? Who was that? | 무슨 일이야? 누구였길래? |
| Anyway, what did you say to the old lady? | 아무튼, 그럼 그 할머니한테는 뭐라고 했어? |