







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| Umm, she started staying with me recently. | 음, 최근에 저랑 같이 살기 시작했는데요. |
| Nope, my shoes and trousers just got a little bit wet. | 응, 그냥 신발하고 바지가 좀 젖었어. |
| I know, I also didn't expect it to be your favourite movie. | 알아, 네가 제일 좋아하는 영화일 줄은 몰랐는데. |
| But I lost all of my pictures and contacts on my phone. | 휴대폰에 사진첩이랑 연락처가 날라갔잖아요. |
| I'm still shocked... I can't believe what I just heard! | 아직도 충격이야... 무슨 말을 들은 건지 믿기지도 않아! |
| Hello, what happened? | 안녕, 의사선생님이 뭐래? |
| I went there, too, but they didn't have it, either. | 거기도 갔는데, 거기에도 없더라. |
| Yes, that's me, hello, I think we talked on the phone before... | 네, 저예요, 안녕하세요. 통화한 적이 있는 것 같은데요... |
| Were you drunk or sober? | 너 술은 마셨어, 안 마셨어? |
| But it seems Julianne complained about Pogo to Nick. | 하지만 줄리앤이 닉한테 포고에 대해 불평한 모양이에요. |
| Unbelievable, how did you know that? | 놀라워라, 그걸 어떻게 알아내셨담? |
| Yes, I thought about moving upstairs. | 응, 윗층에 살까도 생각해봤어. |
| What happened? Did you break a bottle? | 무슨 일이야? 병 깼어? |
| Oh sorry, I didn't know that. | 아, 미안. 그런 줄은 몰랐지. |
| I checked the train schedule on the internet. | 인터넷에서 기차 시간표를 확인했는데. |
| Where did you get that idea from!? | 그런 생각은 어디서 난 거야!? |
| Basically, we were both in the kitchen last night... | 그러니까, 둘다 밤에 부엌에 있었는데... |
| I didn't want you to come out for a smoke, actually. | 사실 담배 피자고 밖으로 부른 건 아니고. |
| I hope you managed to find it, then. | 그럼 찾았길 바라. |
| Yes sure, you promised to take me to Brighton Pier. | 물론이지, 네가 브라이튼 부두 보여주기로 약속했잖아. |