







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| Nope, those are the days when I slept alone... | 그게 아니고, 그 날들은 내가 혼자 잤으니까... |
| But you just did it, why did you kill the wasp, then? | 방금 죽이고 왔잖아, 그럼 말벌은 왜 죽인 거야? |
| We met at the vet a couple of weeks ago. | 몇 주 전에 동물병원에서 만났어. |
| But we had some *little* problems. | 하지만 좀 *사소한* 문제가 있었지 뭐야. |
| It wasn't long ago. | 오래 되진 않았어. |
| No, I couldn't, I went to Sainsbury's, they didn't have it. | 못 찾았어, 세인즈버리에도 갔는데, 없더라고. |
| Diego was living in this house and there was a vacancy. | 디에고가 이 집에 살고 있었는데 방이 비길래. |
| I guess you didn't mention that on the ad. | 광고에 그 말은 안하셨던 거 같은데요. |
| Actually, I didn't even know you had a cat! | 실은, 고양이가 있으신 줄도 몰랐죠! |
| Meanwhile I was feeling very tired and wanted to lie down for a while. | 와중에 너무 피곤해서 잠깐 누워볼까 했지. |
| I didn't want you to come out for a smoke, actually. | 사실 담배 피자고 밖으로 부른 건 아니고. |
| But then I realized my battery was about to die. | 근데 배터리가 거의 다 된 거야. |
| I only went to the kitchen and no one was there. | 부엌에만 갔는데 아무도 없던걸. |
| Oh, do you know what we forgot? | 앗, 우리 뭘 깜빡했게? |
| Actually, I was going to ask you something at the pub, but Diego interrupted me. | 실은, 술집에서 뭘 물어보려고 했는데, 디에고가 끼어들어서. |
| Because a girl had an argument with Diego? | 어떤 여자가 디에고랑 말다툼이 나서? |
| You wanted to come here, I just helped you get the table! | 네가 여기 오고 싶어하길래, 테이블 구하는 방법 알려준 것 뿐이잖아! |
| Nope, my shoes and trousers just got a little bit wet. | 응, 그냥 신발하고 바지가 좀 젖었어. |
| The water spilled all over the bench, too! | 의자에도 물이 다 튀었어! |
| What happened to this one? | 이 사람은 또 뭐가 문제래? |