







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| No, I got myself a macchiato. | 아니, 난 마끼아또 사왔어. |
| We were just about to talk about leaving the house. | 이사 가는 거에 대해 얘기를 시작하려던 참이었잖아. |
| We met at the vet a couple of weeks ago. | 몇 주 전에 동물병원에서 만났어. |
| I wasn't complaining, I just wanted to let you know about it. | 불평을 한 게 아니라, 네가 알았으면 해서 말을 한 거잖아. |
| I hadn't realised you could remember things so fast before! | 네가 기억력이 그렇게 좋은 줄 여태 몰랐는데! |
| Have fun, Diego, it was nice to meet you. | 재밌는 시간 보내요, 디에고. 만나서 반가웠어요. |
| I was going to today, it just happened last night! | 오늘 하려고 했지, 어젯밤 막 일어난 일이니까! |
| Plus you drank half of my bottle of wine! | 게다가 내 와인도 절반이나 마셨잖아! |
| You nearly gave me a heart attack! | 심장 떨어지는 줄 알았다! |
| Because you didn't remind me! | 네가 얘기를 안 해주길래! |
| I'm sorry, why did you call that much? | 미안해, 전화는 왜 그렇게 많이 했는데? |
| He had an X-ray... | 엑스레이를 찍었는데... |
| Yes, I did, did you? | 응, 너는? |
| I know, I also didn't expect it to be your favourite movie. | 알아, 네가 제일 좋아하는 영화일 줄은 몰랐는데. |
| I see... at least you weren't far from home. | 그렇군... 그래도 집에서 멀리 나오진 않았으니 다행이다. |
| You didn't tell me what kind of muffin you wanted. | 그러고보니 네가 무슨 머핀 좋아하는지를 말 안해줬더라구. |
| No, it seems I'd forgotten to charge it before I left. | 그건 아니고, 나오기 전에 충전하는 걸 깜빡했더라구. |
| Erm, okay guys, let me explain what happened... | 으음, 알겠어요 두분, 무슨 일이 있었는지 설명을 할게요... |
| Oh my god, I'm sorry dear, I got what you meant just now... | 아이고 세상에, 미안해 자기, 아까 무슨 뜻이었는지 이제야 이해했네... |
| Do you need help, how did you search? | 뭐 도와줄까? 뭐라고 검색했는데? |