







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| I hope you didn't have any *private* pictures on your phone. | 휴대폰에 *사적인* 사진은 안 두셨길 바라요. |
| I wasn't complaining, I just wanted to let you know about it. | 불평을 한 게 아니라, 네가 알았으면 해서 말을 한 거잖아. |
| The first appointment was at 07:30 in the morning! | 첫 약속이 아침 7시 반에 잡혔다고! |
| Hm, you didn't tell me that before! | 엥, 미리 안 말해 줬잖아! |
| Sorry, didn't I tell you that before? | 미안, 말 안해줬나? |
| An old lady came out and shouted at me very angrily! | 웬 할머니가 나와서 나한테 호통을 치셨다고! |
| Yes, I moved from Brighton about a month ago. | 네, 브라이튼에서 한달 쯤 전에 이사왔어요. |
| Then, apparently I fell asleep... And slept for a couple of hours! | 그러고는 정신차려 보니 잠을 들었고... 몇 시간 동안이나 잤지 뭐야! |
| Because you didn't remind me! | 네가 얘기를 안 해주길래! |
| What kind of coffee did you get me? | 커피는 뭘로 사왔어? |
| Unfortunately, the next one was at 11 and the last one was at 15:30. | 끔찍하게도, 그 다음 약속은 11시였고 그 다음 건 오후 3시 반이었어. |
| We've been coming here since Pogo was a kitten. | 포고가 아기 고양이였을 적부터 데리고 왔거든. |
| Hmm, I guess it was about 5 or 6 months ago. | 흠, 5-6개월 정도 됐나. |
| Can you please tell me what I had there? | 내가 거기서 뭘 먹었는지 말해볼 수 있겠어? |
| I saw her at the toilet door throwing the frying pan into the toilet bowl. | 줄리앤이 화장실 문에 서서 변기통에다 대고 프라이팬을 던지고 있잖아. |
| I saw a coffee shop just outside the station. | 역 바로 바깥에 카페를 봤어. |
| Oh my god, I'm sorry dear, I got what you meant just now... | 아이고 세상에, 미안해 자기, 아까 무슨 뜻이었는지 이제야 이해했네... |
| What did you cook for breakfast? | 아침으로 뭘 요리한 거야? |
| Yeah, I know that, I got this place because I was in a hurry. | 응, 알아. 급하게 구하던 거라서 여기로 얻었어. |
| After hearing that, she decided to leave suddenly. | 그걸 듣더니 갑자기 떠나기로 하지 뭐야. |