







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| And we just bumped into each other tonight. | 그러다 오늘밤 우연히 마주쳤어. |
| My housemates once had a dog, too. | 우리 하우스메이트들도 예전에 개를 길렀거든. |
| We are going to follow the original plan, how it was before. | 원래 계획대로 하자. 하기로 했던 대로. |
| And... Your cat? I didn't know you had a cat! | 그리고... 당신 고양이인가요? 고양이가 있는 줄은 몰랐는데! |
| Of course I didn't, they had already started playing it before I got there! | 당연히 내가 시킨 건 아니지, 내가 가보니까 벌써 잡고 있던데! |
| Oh, do you know what we forgot? | 앗, 우리 뭘 깜빡했게? |
| I'm very surprised you didn't check the wine list before you ordered. | 와인 리스트 안 보고 주문하다니 놀랐는걸. |
| I only managed to get 3 appointments for today. | 근데 오늘 약속이 잡힌 사람은 3명밖에 없었어. |
| That was a strange conversation... What did they say? | 요상한 대화네... 그쪽에서 뭐래? |
| You wanted to come here, I just helped you get the table! | 네가 여기 오고 싶어하길래, 테이블 구하는 방법 알려준 것 뿐이잖아! |
| Yes, I just started my period an hour ago! | 그래, 한 시간 전에 막 시작했어! |
| I left it on this chair! | 이 의자 위에 뒀는데! |
| Erm... yes, we kind of did... we broke up! | 어음... 응, 그랬다고 볼 수 있지.... 깨졌으니까! |
| Of course not, how did you come up with that idea? | 당연히 아니지, 그런 생각은 어디서 난 거야? |
| Did anything happen to you? | 너는 괜찮아? |
| That was so easy, I can't believe it worked! | 완전 쉬웠어, 성공하다니 믿기질 않네! |
| Yes, that's me, hello, I think we talked on the phone before... | 네, 저예요, 안녕하세요. 통화한 적이 있는 것 같은데요... |
| This was the only one left on the shelf. | 선반에 이거 밖에 안 남아있더라구요. |
| That's brilliant, did you manage to see any houses today in the end? | 기똥차구만. 결국 오늘 뭐라도 집 보기는 했어? |
| If you are allergic to cats, why didn't you talk to me directly? | 고양이 알레르기가 있으면, 저한테 직접 얘기하면 됐잖아요? |