







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| What did you cook for breakfast? | 아침으로 뭘 요리한 거야? |
| I came here to visit her, then she went back and I stayed here. | 언니 보러 온 거였는데, 언니는 돌아가고 내가 남은 거야. |
| Didn't they call you when you didn't show up at 11:00? | 11시에 안 가니까 전화 안 왔어? |
| I didn't have any time to go and check houses. | 직접 집을 확인하고 할 시간이 없었어. |
| No, I got myself a macchiato. | 아니, 난 마끼아또 사왔어. |
| At least you didn't waste your whole day off for nothing! | 그래도 아무것도 안 하고 하루를 보내지는 않았네! |
| So I snore everyday... Why didn't you tell me that before? | 그럼 매일 곤다는 소리구나... 왜 진작에 말을 안해줬어? |
| Don't lie, I saw you googling it just now. | 뻥 치시네, 방금 구글 찾아보는 거 봤어. |
| I called about 10 people yesterday to make appointments. | 약속을 잡으려고 어제 거의 10명한테 전화를 했다고. |
| Oh, what did she say? | 아, 뭐랬길래? |
| At one point, I thought you were interested in the house. | 나는 집이 네 마음에 드는 건가 하는 생각도 했다구. |
| The price is just about the same, but it was in much better condition. | 가격대는 거의 비슷한데, 훨씬 상태가 좋았다구요. |
| I didn't know what to say, I didn't want to be rude, actually. | 뭐라고 말해야 할지 몰랐어, 사실 무례하게 굴고 싶진 않았어. |
| But we had some *little* problems. | 하지만 좀 *사소한* 문제가 있었지 뭐야. |
| What was wrong with the last house? | 마지막 집은 뭐가 문제였는데? |
| Very funny, I think you just killed some time there. | 대단히 재밌으시네요. 너 그냥 시간 죽이다 온 거지. |
| An old lady came out and shouted at me very angrily! | 웬 할머니가 나와서 나한테 호통을 치셨다고! |
| I sent you the link... | 링크 보냈어... |
| Did something happen to Pogo? | 포고한테 무슨 일이 있어요? |
| Why did you wake up so early? | 왜 그렇게 일찍 일어났어? |