







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| After just a couple of minutes, it died. | 한 몇 분 있더니 폰이 죽었어. |
| So I got one chocolate and one blueberry one. | 그래서 초코 하나랑 블루베리 하나 사왔어. |
| Very funny, I think you just killed some time there. | 대단히 재밌으시네요. 너 그냥 시간 죽이다 온 거지. |
| Then she started to talk about how she was allergic to cats, etcetera. | 그러고는 고양이에 알레르기가 있다고, 뭐 그런 말을 하기 시작하더라구요. |
| I only managed to get 3 appointments for today. | 근데 오늘 약속이 잡힌 사람은 3명밖에 없었어. |
| It was there when you went to the bar. | 네가 바 쪽으로 갈 때까지는 거기 있던데. |
| That's interesting, did you also teach them how to cook? | 재밌는걸. 요리 하는 방법도 가르쳤어? |
| Sorry, didn't I tell you that before? | 미안, 말 안해줬나? |
| What happened? Who was that? | 무슨 일이야? 누구였길래? |
| Then when I got there, I called her again, but she didn't answer! | 도착한 다음에 다시 전화를 했는데, 또 안 받았어! |
| It doesn't mean I didn't spend any time finding a house. | 집을 찾으려고 시간을 쓰지 않았다는 뜻이 아니잖아. |
| I hope you didn't have any *private* pictures on your phone. | 휴대폰에 *사적인* 사진은 안 두셨길 바라요. |
| The price is just about the same, but it was in much better condition. | 가격대는 거의 비슷한데, 훨씬 상태가 좋았다구요. |
| An old lady came out and shouted at me very angrily! | 웬 할머니가 나와서 나한테 호통을 치셨다고! |
| Did you just meet him tonight? | 오늘밤 이제 막 만난 거야? |
| And... Your cat? I didn't know you had a cat! | 그리고... 당신 고양이인가요? 고양이가 있는 줄은 몰랐는데! |
| 5 minutes before I arrived, I called her, but she didn't answer. | 도착하기 5분 전에 전화를 했는데, 안 받잖아. |
| Were you drunk or sober? | 너 술은 마셨어, 안 마셨어? |
| What did you cook for breakfast? | 아침으로 뭘 요리한 거야? |
| So you already knew the cat was here before you came. | 그러니까 당신도 여기 오기 전부터 고양이가 있다는 건 알고 있었단 거네요. |