







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| Did you put a question mark at the end? | 문장 끝에 물음표는 찍었고? |
| Hello, what happened? | 안녕, 의사선생님이 뭐래? |
| And I don't know why but suddenly she went mental! | 이유는 나도 모르겠지만 갑자기 또라이처럼 굴잖아요! |
| Can you please tell me what I had there? | 내가 거기서 뭘 먹었는지 말해볼 수 있겠어? |
| You didn't tell me what kind of muffin you wanted. | 그러고보니 네가 무슨 머핀 좋아하는지를 말 안해줬더라구. |
| 5 minutes before I arrived, I called her, but she didn't answer. | 도착하기 5분 전에 전화를 했는데, 안 받잖아. |
| Oh sorry, I didn't ask you what you wanted. | 아 미안, 뭘 마시고 싶은지 안 물어봤다. |
| I can't believe you, where did you get it from? | 말도 안돼, 어디서 난 거야? |
| Hi, what did you decide? | 안녕, 어떡할지 결정했어? |
| That's the point... It wasn't the right door! | 그게 바로 문제라구, 맞는 집이 아니었으니까! |
| Did the chips remind you of her? | 감자튀김 얘기하니까 생각났나봐? |
| Hm, you didn't tell me that before! | 엥, 미리 안 말해 줬잖아! |
| I think we should move the desk back where it was before. | 책상은 원래 있던 쪽으로 다시 옮겨야 할 거 같아. |
| How did we switch from Mayfair to the suburbs that fast? | 메이페어에서 교외라니 어쩌다 이렇게 빨리 바뀌었담? |
| While I was trying to catch the rice, I accidentally knocked over a bottle. | 쌀을 잡으려다가, 실수로 병을 쳤어. |
| Didn't you hear what she said? | 말하는 거 못 들었어? |
| We met at the vet a couple of weeks ago. | 몇 주 전에 동물병원에서 만났어. |
| Did you see any fire or smoke around? | 주변에 불이나 연기 난 건 봤어? |
| I saw a coffee shop just outside the station. | 역 바로 바깥에 카페를 봤어. |
| You didn't tell me anything about that... | 나한테는 아무 말도 안해줬잖아... |