







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| Sorry dear, I didn't mean to annoy you at all. | 미안해, 자기, 짜증나게 하려는 마음은 전혀 없다구. |
| Yes, I had a very nice sleep. | 응, 아주 잘 잤어. |
| No, I didn't even know her name, until today. | 아니, 저 사람 이름도 오늘 전까지는 몰랐다구. |
| It doesn't mean I didn't spend any time finding a house. | 집을 찾으려고 시간을 쓰지 않았다는 뜻이 아니잖아. |
| Later on, I realized it was too crowded and noisy for me. | 나중에 깨닫고 보니, 내 입맛에는 너무 사람도 많고 시끄럽더라구. |
| Have fun, Diego, it was nice to meet you. | 재밌는 시간 보내요, 디에고. 만나서 반가웠어요. |
| Hello, I booked a table for two in the name of Cate for 20:30. | 안녕하세요, 오후 8시 반에 두 사람 테이블 예약했고요, 이름은 케이트예요. |
| Look at that, it splashed water all over me! | 봐봐, 내 몸에 물이 다 튀었어! |
| You got it right, cleaning in general! | 잘 맞혔어, 치우는 건 전반적으로 다 싫어! |
| You nearly gave me a heart attack! | 심장 떨어지는 줄 알았다! |
| Dude, I heard you shagging till late last night. | 자식아, 어젯밤 늦게까지 쿵덕쿵덕거리는 소리 다 들었어. |
| I'm very surprised you didn't check the wine list before you ordered. | 와인 리스트 안 보고 주문하다니 놀랐는걸. |
| Hmm, why weren't we here at the time?... | 허어, 그 시간에 우린 여기 없었는데? |
| I took a picture and printed it out at school! | 사진을 찍어서 학교에서 프린트 했단 말야! |
| Or a demon possessed her! | 아니면 악령 들렸거나! |
| That's funny... What did you forget to ask? | 그거 재밌네... 그리고 뭘 깜빡하고 안 물어봤지? |
| I don't know, did you check the expiry date? | 글쎄, 유통기한은 확인했어? |
| Umm, she started staying with me recently. | 음, 최근에 저랑 같이 살기 시작했는데요. |
| Yeah, I know that, I got this place because I was in a hurry. | 응, 알아. 급하게 구하던 거라서 여기로 얻었어. |
| Nope, my shoes and trousers just got a little bit wet. | 응, 그냥 신발하고 바지가 좀 젖었어. |