







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| Oh, that's a relief, did you get rid of it? | 아, 다행이다, 그럼 뒷처리는 했어? |
| I saw her at the toilet door throwing the frying pan into the toilet bowl. | 줄리앤이 화장실 문에 서서 변기통에다 대고 프라이팬을 던지고 있잖아. |
| Nope, those are the days when I slept alone... | 그게 아니고, 그 날들은 내가 혼자 잤으니까... |
| Hmm, I guess it was about 5 or 6 months ago. | 흠, 5-6개월 정도 됐나. |
| When did it happen exactly? | 정확히 언제 일어난 건데? |
| Do you need help, how did you search? | 뭐 도와줄까? 뭐라고 검색했는데? |
| Anyway, what did you say to the old lady? | 아무튼, 그럼 그 할머니한테는 뭐라고 했어? |
| You, too, I hope you found the house easily. | 저도요. 집은 찾아오기 어렵지 않으셨길 바라요. |
| What brought you to London? | 너는 왜 런던에 있어? |
| After hearing that, she decided to leave suddenly. | 그걸 듣더니 갑자기 떠나기로 하지 뭐야. |
| Oh god... It was a nightmare for me today! | 으 세상에... 오늘 정말 끔찍했어! |
| But then I realized my battery was about to die. | 근데 배터리가 거의 다 된 거야. |
| This was the only one left on the shelf. | 선반에 이거 밖에 안 남아있더라구요. |
| Then she started to talk about how she was allergic to cats, etcetera. | 그러고는 고양이에 알레르기가 있다고, 뭐 그런 말을 하기 시작하더라구요. |
| Yes they do, they looked after him last time. | 있기야 하지, 전에도 봐줬으니까. |
| But you just did it, why did you kill the wasp, then? | 방금 죽이고 왔잖아, 그럼 말벌은 왜 죽인 거야? |
| We should've checked inside the oven before we turned it on. | 오븐을 켜기 전에 안을 들여다볼 걸 그랬어. |
| It's a nice area, I considered living there once, too... | 좋은 동네지, 나도 거기 살까 하는 생각을 한 적 있는데... |
| Yeah, so I decided to go home and charge my phone. | 그렇지, 그래서 집에 돌아가서 폰을 다시 충전하려고 했어. |
| Did you call this one near the station? | 역 근처에 여기는 전화해봤어? |