







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| When did you get here? I didn't see you. | 언제 온 거야? 너 못 봤는데. |
| I sent you the link... | 링크 보냈어... |
| It doesn't mean I didn't spend any time finding a house. | 집을 찾으려고 시간을 쓰지 않았다는 뜻이 아니잖아. |
| Is that how long your relationship with Jen was, also? | 젠하고도 그렇게 오래 사귀었던 거야? |
| I didn't know what to say, I didn't want to be rude, actually. | 뭐라고 말해야 할지 몰랐어, 사실 무례하게 굴고 싶진 않았어. |
| But you just did it, why did you kill the wasp, then? | 방금 죽이고 왔잖아, 그럼 말벌은 왜 죽인 거야? |
| Yeah, everything is fine, I just came here to... | 아뇨, 문제는 없고요, 무슨 일인가 하면... |
| Of course, we all grew up together. | 물론이지, 다들 어릴 때 같이 자랐는걸. |
| Yes, that's me, hello, I think we talked on the phone before... | 네, 저예요, 안녕하세요. 통화한 적이 있는 것 같은데요... |
| Why didn't you ask while you were on the phone then? | 그럼 통화 중에 질문을 하지 그랬어? |
| This was the only one left on the shelf. | 선반에 이거 밖에 안 남아있더라구요. |
| I only managed to get 3 appointments for today. | 근데 오늘 약속이 잡힌 사람은 3명밖에 없었어. |
| Oh, okay, did she say why they needed to cancel it? | 아, 그렇구나. 왜 취소해야 하는지는 말해줬고? |
| I didn't realise there was a problem with the toilet! | 변기에 문제가 있는 줄은 모르고 있었네! |
| Were you drunk or sober? | 너 술은 마셨어, 안 마셨어? |
| We were just about to talk about leaving the house. | 이사 가는 거에 대해 얘기를 시작하려던 참이었잖아. |
| I just took it without thinking too much. | 별 생각 없이 얻었어. |
| Exactly, I think they understood it at first sight! | 바로 그 말이야, 보자마자 눈치 챘을 거야! |
| Nope, there was no evidence of fire anywhere... | 아니, 불 난 흔적은 아무 데도 없었어... |
| Because a girl had an argument with Diego? | 어떤 여자가 디에고랑 말다툼이 나서? |