







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| We did it together only for one day, dear! | 같이 알아본 거라곤 딱 하루 뿐이라구, 자기! |
| Hmm, why weren't we here at the time?... | 허어, 그 시간에 우린 여기 없었는데? |
| Hello, what happened? | 안녕, 의사선생님이 뭐래? |
| I have to say, your checking the heaters lie wasn't very clever. | 히터 점검해야 한다는 거짓말은 딱히 그럴싸하지 않았다고 말해둬야 겠는걸요. |
| I know, I also didn't expect it to be your favourite movie. | 알아, 네가 제일 좋아하는 영화일 줄은 몰랐는데. |
| But I really wanted to go there tonight. | 그치만 오늘 밤 꼭 거길 가고 싶었는데. |
| So I got one chocolate and one blueberry one. | 그래서 초코 하나랑 블루베리 하나 사왔어. |
| After hearing that, she decided to leave suddenly. | 그걸 듣더니 갑자기 떠나기로 하지 뭐야. |
| But we had some *little* problems. | 하지만 좀 *사소한* 문제가 있었지 뭐야. |
| Unfortunately, the next one was at 11 and the last one was at 15:30. | 끔찍하게도, 그 다음 약속은 11시였고 그 다음 건 오후 3시 반이었어. |
| Well, as I finished most things while you weren't here. | 음, 네가 없는 동안에 내가 거의 다 끝내뒀으니까. |
| What happened? Did you break a bottle? | 무슨 일이야? 병 깼어? |
| Yes, I finally found one! | 좋았어, 드디어 찾아냈어! |
| I met him last week at the vet. | 지난 주에 동물병원에서 만났어. |
| While I finished doing things here by myself! | 난 여기서 일 다 끝내놓고 있는 동안! |
| Wow! Did you just agree to get a new house? | 우와! 새 집을 얻기로 동의한 거야 방금? |
| Nope, those are the days when I slept alone... | 그게 아니고, 그 날들은 내가 혼자 잤으니까... |
| That's the point... It wasn't the right door! | 그게 바로 문제라구, 맞는 집이 아니었으니까! |
| Then when I got there, I called her again, but she didn't answer! | 도착한 다음에 다시 전화를 했는데, 또 안 받았어! |
| I got you a cappuccino. | 네 건 카푸치노 사왔어. |