







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| How did you know he was a male cat? | 고양이가 수컷인 건 어떻게 알았어요? |
| I met him last week at the vet. | 지난 주에 동물병원에서 만났어. |
| When did you last visit your parents? | 마지막으로 부모님을 방문한 게 언제야? |
| Because you didn't remind me! | 네가 얘기를 안 해주길래! |
| Of course, we all grew up together. | 물론이지, 다들 어릴 때 같이 자랐는걸. |
| Good morning my friend, did I wake you up? | 좋은 아침이에요, 제가 깨운 건가요? |
| But it seems Julianne complained about Pogo to Nick. | 하지만 줄리앤이 닉한테 포고에 대해 불평한 모양이에요. |
| No, don't worry, nothing happened to him. | 아뇨, 걱정 마요, 포고는 괜찮으니까. |
| What did you cook for breakfast? | 아침으로 뭘 요리한 거야? |
| Actually, I didn't even know you had a cat! | 실은, 고양이가 있으신 줄도 몰랐죠! |
| You didn't tell me anything about that... | 나한테는 아무 말도 안해줬잖아... |
| I hope I didn't make you wait long. | 제가 너무 오래 기다리게 만든 건 아니길 바라요. |
| Erm... yes, we kind of did... we broke up! | 어음... 응, 그랬다고 볼 수 있지.... 깨졌으니까! |
| Can you please tell me what I had there? | 내가 거기서 뭘 먹었는지 말해볼 수 있겠어? |
| No, I couldn't, I went to Sainsbury's, they didn't have it. | 못 찾았어, 세인즈버리에도 갔는데, 없더라고. |
| I didn't have any time to eat anything. | 뭘 먹고 할 시간이 없었어. |
| I didn't have any time to go and check houses. | 직접 집을 확인하고 할 시간이 없었어. |
| Don't lie, I saw you googling it just now. | 뻥 치시네, 방금 구글 찾아보는 거 봤어. |
| Yes, I did, did you? | 응, 너는? |
| Nope, there was no evidence of fire anywhere... | 아니, 불 난 흔적은 아무 데도 없었어... |