







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| Hm, you didn't tell me that before! | 엥, 미리 안 말해 줬잖아! |
| To be honest, I didn't really understand what happened! | 솔직하게 말하자면, 무슨 일이었는지 난 정말 이해가 안됐다구요! |
| Except Pinocchio knew he wasn't a real boy from the beginning. | 물론 피노키오는 처음부터 자기가 진짜 아이가 아니라는 걸 알았지만. |
| Didn't you forget something, dear? | 뭔가 깜빡한 건 없어, 자기? |
| 5 minutes before I arrived, I called her, but she didn't answer. | 도착하기 5분 전에 전화를 했는데, 안 받잖아. |
| I'm very surprised you didn't check the wine list before you ordered. | 와인 리스트 안 보고 주문하다니 놀랐는걸. |
| But we had some *little* problems. | 하지만 좀 *사소한* 문제가 있었지 뭐야. |
| That's interesting, did you also teach them how to cook? | 재밌는걸. 요리 하는 방법도 가르쳤어? |
| For no reason? How did she go mental? | 이유도 없이? 어떻게 또라이처럼 굴었다는 거야? |
| I left it on this chair! | 이 의자 위에 뒀는데! |
| I didn't ask when, I asked why! | 언제 지었느냐가 아니라, 왜 지었냐구! |
| I sent you the link... | 링크 보냈어... |
| At one point, I thought you were interested in the house. | 나는 집이 네 마음에 드는 건가 하는 생각도 했다구. |
| The book was too big for my bag, it didn't fit! | 책이 너무 컸다구, 가방에 안 들어가! |
| We did it together only for one day, dear! | 같이 알아본 거라곤 딱 하루 뿐이라구, 자기! |
| Pinocchio didn't know he wasn't a real boy in the beginning, either. | 피노키오도 처음에는 자기가 진짜 아이가 아닌 줄 몰랐어. |
| Did you check the price of the rice? | 쌀 가격 확인해봤어? |
| Oh, that's a relief, did you get rid of it? | 아, 다행이다, 그럼 뒷처리는 했어? |
| What did you cook for breakfast? | 아침으로 뭘 요리한 거야? |
| Yeah, I know that, I got this place because I was in a hurry. | 응, 알아. 급하게 구하던 거라서 여기로 얻었어. |