







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| Didn't they call you when you didn't show up at 11:00? | 11시에 안 가니까 전화 안 왔어? |
| We should've checked inside the oven before we turned it on. | 오븐을 켜기 전에 안을 들여다볼 걸 그랬어. |
| Yep, I gave it to a spider in the garden. | 엉, 안뜰에 거미가 있길래 줬지. |
| Oh sorry, I didn't ask you what you wanted. | 아 미안, 뭘 마시고 싶은지 안 물어봤다. |
| We are going to follow the original plan, how it was before. | 원래 계획대로 하자. 하기로 했던 대로. |
| But then I realized my battery was about to die. | 근데 배터리가 거의 다 된 거야. |
| No, I got myself a macchiato. | 아니, 난 마끼아또 사왔어. |
| Basically everything, it was like a haunted hippie house. | 그냥 다 이상했어, 무슨 히피족들이 사는 폐가 같았어. |
| I found out we didn't have many things in the fridge. | 냉장고에 든 게 별로 없더라고. |
| Did you sleep well last night? | 잠은 잘 잤어? |
| Yes, I finally found one! | 좋았어, 드디어 찾아냈어! |
| We were just about to talk about leaving the house. | 이사 가는 거에 대해 얘기를 시작하려던 참이었잖아. |
| Didn't you forget something, dear? | 뭔가 깜빡한 건 없어, 자기? |
| But didn't we already buy the cheese grated? | 근데 치즈는 이미 갈아진 걸로 사지 않았어? |
| I hope I didn't make you wait long. | 제가 너무 오래 기다리게 만든 건 아니길 바라요. |
| The price is just about the same, but it was in much better condition. | 가격대는 거의 비슷한데, 훨씬 상태가 좋았다구요. |
| That's the point... It wasn't the right door! | 그게 바로 문제라구, 맞는 집이 아니었으니까! |
| Did you sleep well last night? | 어젯밤 잠은 잘 잤고? |
| Hi, what did you decide? | 안녕, 어떡할지 결정했어? |
| So you already knew the cat was here before you came. | 그러니까 당신도 여기 오기 전부터 고양이가 있다는 건 알고 있었단 거네요. |