







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| Can you please tell me what I had there? | 내가 거기서 뭘 먹었는지 말해볼 수 있겠어? |
| Why did you wake up so early? | 왜 그렇게 일찍 일어났어? |
| We did it together only for one day, dear! | 같이 알아본 거라곤 딱 하루 뿐이라구, 자기! |
| Unfortunately, it is... Weren't there any pictures of the house? | 슬프게도, 맞는 주소야... 집 사진 같은 거 없었어? |
| But unfortunately, they didn't! | 안타깝게도, 안 그런 거지! |
| I hadn't realised you could remember things so fast before! | 네가 기억력이 그렇게 좋은 줄 여태 몰랐는데! |
| But I lost all of my pictures and contacts on my phone. | 휴대폰에 사진첩이랑 연락처가 날라갔잖아요. |
| I don't even want to remember it, but, since you asked... | 생각도 하고 싶지 않지만, 네가 물어보니까 말인데... |
| Actually, I didn't even know you had a cat! | 실은, 고양이가 있으신 줄도 몰랐죠! |
| Hey, I just got an idea where to put the bed! | 나 침대 어디로 둘지 생각 났어! |
| What happened? Who was that? | 무슨 일이야? 누구였길래? |
| How come? We just called this morning! | 그럴 리가요? 오늘 아침에 전화드렸는걸요! |
| No, I got myself a macchiato. | 아니, 난 마끼아또 사왔어. |
| Yeah, I know that, I got this place because I was in a hurry. | 응, 알아. 급하게 구하던 거라서 여기로 얻었어. |
| What made you change your mind? | 왜 생각을 바꿨어? |
| We talked on the phone before. | 아까 통화했잖아. |
| They are an old couple, he thought I was his son. | 나이 든 부부인데, 내가 아들인 줄 아신 모양이야. |
| I hope you didn't have any *private* pictures on your phone. | 휴대폰에 *사적인* 사진은 안 두셨길 바라요. |
| I hope it wasn't an expensive wine! | 비싼 와인이 아니면 좋을텐데! |
| Did you sleep well last night? | 어젯밤 잠은 잘 잤고? |