







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| Do you need help, how did you search? | 뭐 도와줄까? 뭐라고 검색했는데? |
| Sorry, but I have to say, we saw another house earlier today... | 미안하지만, 오늘 이전에 다른 집도 봤는데요... |
| Oh, what did she say? | 아, 뭐랬길래? |
| And... Your cat? I didn't know you had a cat! | 그리고... 당신 고양이인가요? 고양이가 있는 줄은 몰랐는데! |
| But then I realized my battery was about to die. | 근데 배터리가 거의 다 된 거야. |
| That was a strange conversation... What did they say? | 요상한 대화네... 그쪽에서 뭐래? |
| I'm very surprised you didn't check the wine list before you ordered. | 와인 리스트 안 보고 주문하다니 놀랐는걸. |
| She was yelling at me like how dirty we were... | 우리가 너무 더럽다고 소리를 지르고... |
| I hope the other appointments weren't very far apart from each other. | 다른 약속들 사이에 뜨는 시간이 길지는 않았길 바라. |
| I didn't want you to come out for a smoke, actually. | 사실 담배 피자고 밖으로 부른 건 아니고. |
| There was nothing wrong with you at the shop. | 상점에서는 아무 문제 없었는데. |
| Were you drunk or sober? | 너 술은 마셨어, 안 마셨어? |
| They're fine, we played a game called *catch the wasp*! | 잘 지내고 있지, "말벌을 잡아라" 놀이 했다니까! |
| What happened? Did you break a bottle? | 무슨 일이야? 병 깼어? |
| What!? So you complained to Nick about our cat! | 뭐라고요!? 그러니까 당신이 닉한테 우리 고양이 갖고 불평을 한 거네요! |
| Erm, okay guys, let me explain what happened... | 으음, 알겠어요 두분, 무슨 일이 있었는지 설명을 할게요... |
| Today Rebecca called me about... | 오늘 레베카가 나한테 전화를 해서는... |
| But I really wanted to go there tonight. | 그치만 오늘 밤 꼭 거길 가고 싶었는데. |
| Well, as I finished most things while you weren't here. | 음, 네가 없는 동안에 내가 거의 다 끝내뒀으니까. |
| Exactly... So I gave up and decided to sit at a cafe and have a coffee. | 내 말이... 그래서 포기하고 카페에 앉아서 커피 한 잔 하려고 했지. |