







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| I have to say, your checking the heaters lie wasn't very clever. | 히터 점검해야 한다는 거짓말은 딱히 그럴싸하지 않았다고 말해둬야 겠는걸요. |
| Oh, what did she say? | 아, 뭐랬길래? |
| But then I realized my battery was about to die. | 근데 배터리가 거의 다 된 거야. |
| Anyway, did you have any problems with that girl before? | 아무튼, 전에는 저 여자랑 문제 있었던 거 없었어? |
| No, don't worry, nothing happened to him. | 아뇨, 걱정 마요, 포고는 괜찮으니까. |
| I'm almost at Brighton! Why didn't you inform me earlier? | 나 브라이튼 거의 다 왔다고! 왜 미리 말해주지 않은 거야? |
| Oh my god, I'm sorry dear, I got what you meant just now... | 아이고 세상에, 미안해 자기, 아까 무슨 뜻이었는지 이제야 이해했네... |
| I didn't say that, I was just reminding you of what you said before. | 그런 말은 안 했지, 그냥 네가 전에 무슨 말을 했는지 되짚어 주는 거야. |
| Did you check the expiry date? | 유통기한은 확인했어? |
| What's the joke? I didn't get it. | 뭐가 농담인데? 모르겠는데. |
| Then the wine bottle broke, etcetera... | 근데 와인병이 깨지고, 기타 등등... |
| I don't know, it was like 10. | 나도 몰라, 한 10시쯤. |
| You drank too many beers last night! | 어젯 밤에 맥주 너무 많이 따더라! |
| I didn't ask when, I asked why! | 언제 지었느냐가 아니라, 왜 지었냐구! |
| Did you sleep well last night? | 잠은 잘 잤어? |
| You got it right, cleaning in general! | 잘 맞혔어, 치우는 건 전반적으로 다 싫어! |
| Yeah, I know that, I got this place because I was in a hurry. | 응, 알아. 급하게 구하던 거라서 여기로 얻었어. |
| Anyway, I called the girl again, and of course, she didn't answer. | 아무튼 그래서 다시 전화를 했는데, 역시나 이번에도 전화를 안 받잖아. |
| It doesn't mean I didn't spend any time finding a house. | 집을 찾으려고 시간을 쓰지 않았다는 뜻이 아니잖아. |
| What did you cook for breakfast? | 아침으로 뭘 요리한 거야? |