







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| I just got here mate, about 5 minutes ago. | 방금 왔다구 친구, 한 5분 전에. |
| The first appointment was at 07:30 in the morning! | 첫 약속이 아침 7시 반에 잡혔다고! |
| I saw her at the toilet door throwing the frying pan into the toilet bowl. | 줄리앤이 화장실 문에 서서 변기통에다 대고 프라이팬을 던지고 있잖아. |
| Meanwhile I was feeling very tired and wanted to lie down for a while. | 와중에 너무 피곤해서 잠깐 누워볼까 했지. |
| Oh, do you know what we forgot? | 앗, 우리 뭘 깜빡했게? |
| I'm his friend from London, as he mentioned! | 얘기한 것처럼, 런던에서 온 "친구"니까요! |
| You nearly gave me a heart attack! | 심장 떨어지는 줄 알았다! |
| That was a strange conversation... What did they say? | 요상한 대화네... 그쪽에서 뭐래? |
| Very funny, I think you just killed some time there. | 대단히 재밌으시네요. 너 그냥 시간 죽이다 온 거지. |
| Oh sorry, I didn't know that. | 아, 미안. 그런 줄은 몰랐지. |
| We talked on the phone before. | 아까 통화했잖아. |
| Oh, that's a relief, did you get rid of it? | 아, 다행이다, 그럼 뒷처리는 했어? |
| I got you a cappuccino. | 네 건 카푸치노 사왔어. |
| I checked the train schedule on the internet. | 인터넷에서 기차 시간표를 확인했는데. |
| How did you know he was a male cat? | 고양이가 수컷인 건 어떻게 알았어요? |
| I remember watching it when I was a little kid. | 꼬꼬마였을 적에 봤던 기억이 나네. |
| Don't lie, I saw you googling it just now. | 뻥 치시네, 방금 구글 찾아보는 거 봤어. |
| After I had waited a while, I decided to knock on her door... | 좀 기다려봤다가, 결국 문을 두드렸는데... |
| Yes, I just started my period an hour ago! | 그래, 한 시간 전에 막 시작했어! |
| It was nice meeting you. | 만나서 반가웠어요. |