







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| So you already knew the cat was here before you came. | 그러니까 당신도 여기 오기 전부터 고양이가 있다는 건 알고 있었단 거네요. |
| I met him last week at the vet. | 지난 주에 동물병원에서 만났어. |
| Sorry, Julianne, I didn't know you were still here. | 미안해요, 줄리앤, 아직 있는 줄 몰랐어요. |
| It happened later in the movie, I mean the story. | 그건 영화 나중에, 아니 이야기 나중에 나오는 거잖아. |
| I didn't say that, I was just reminding you of what you said before. | 그런 말은 안 했지, 그냥 네가 전에 무슨 말을 했는지 되짚어 주는 거야. |
| Yes, I thought about moving upstairs. | 응, 윗층에 살까도 생각해봤어. |
| Exactly, I think they understood it at first sight! | 바로 그 말이야, 보자마자 눈치 챘을 거야! |
| We were just about to talk about leaving the house. | 이사 가는 거에 대해 얘기를 시작하려던 참이었잖아. |
| The first appointment was at 07:30 in the morning! | 첫 약속이 아침 7시 반에 잡혔다고! |
| After I had waited a while, I decided to knock on her door... | 좀 기다려봤다가, 결국 문을 두드렸는데... |
| I thought you turned it on when you went home. | 집에 가서 휴대폰 켠 줄 알았더니. |
| Where did you get that idea from!? | 그런 생각은 어디서 난 거야!? |
| I can't believe that, you were a very nice couple! | 믿을 수 없어. 정말 잘 어울리는 한 쌍이었는데! |
| Basically, we were both in the kitchen last night... | 그러니까, 둘다 밤에 부엌에 있었는데... |
| I remember watching it when I was a little kid. | 꼬꼬마였을 적에 봤던 기억이 나네. |
| I just got here mate, about 5 minutes ago. | 방금 왔다구 친구, 한 5분 전에. |
| But then I realized my battery was about to die. | 근데 배터리가 거의 다 된 거야. |
| Yes, that's me, hello, I think we talked on the phone before... | 네, 저예요, 안녕하세요. 통화한 적이 있는 것 같은데요... |
| Because it's in my bag, I didn't hear it. | 가방에 넣어둬서 못 들었지. |
| But didn't we already buy the cheese grated? | 근데 치즈는 이미 갈아진 걸로 사지 않았어? |