







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| To be honest, I didn't really understand what happened! | 솔직하게 말하자면, 무슨 일이었는지 난 정말 이해가 안됐다구요! |
| Why didn't you ask while you were on the phone then? | 그럼 통화 중에 질문을 하지 그랬어? |
| No, don't worry, nothing happened to him. | 아뇨, 걱정 마요, 포고는 괜찮으니까. |
| I'm his friend from London, as he mentioned! | 얘기한 것처럼, 런던에서 온 "친구"니까요! |
| I hope the other appointments weren't very far apart from each other. | 다른 약속들 사이에 뜨는 시간이 길지는 않았길 바라. |
| Welcome, tonight we reserved one of our best tables for you! | 어서오세요, 두분을 위해서 가장 좋은 테이블 중 하나를 맡아드렸어요! |
| I hope it wasn't an expensive wine! | 비싼 와인이 아니면 좋을텐데! |
| Oh my god, I'm sorry dear, I got what you meant just now... | 아이고 세상에, 미안해 자기, 아까 무슨 뜻이었는지 이제야 이해했네... |
| What made you change your mind? | 왜 생각을 바꿨어? |
| Did you check the price of the rice? | 쌀 가격 확인해봤어? |
| But you just did it, why did you kill the wasp, then? | 방금 죽이고 왔잖아, 그럼 말벌은 왜 죽인 거야? |
| But we had some *little* problems. | 하지만 좀 *사소한* 문제가 있었지 뭐야. |
| Hmm, why weren't we here at the time?... | 허어, 그 시간에 우린 여기 없었는데? |
| Really, how long did you live here? | 너 말야, 여기서 얼마나 오래 살았어? |
| I wasn't complaining, I just wanted to let you know about it. | 불평을 한 게 아니라, 네가 알았으면 해서 말을 한 거잖아. |
| I didn't want to risk it. | 혹시나 했지. |
| Anyway, I woke up at 07:00 and went to see the first one. | 아무튼, 7시에 일어나서 첫 집을 보러 갔지. |
| Wow! Did you just agree to get a new house? | 우와! 새 집을 얻기로 동의한 거야 방금? |
| How did you know he was a male cat? | 고양이가 수컷인 건 어떻게 알았어요? |
| Oh, what did she say? | 아, 뭐랬길래? |