







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| An old lady came out and shouted at me very angrily! | 웬 할머니가 나와서 나한테 호통을 치셨다고! |
| I saw a coffee shop just outside the station. | 역 바로 바깥에 카페를 봤어. |
| Unfortunately, it is... Weren't there any pictures of the house? | 슬프게도, 맞는 주소야... 집 사진 같은 거 없었어? |
| Actually, I didn't even know you had a cat! | 실은, 고양이가 있으신 줄도 몰랐죠! |
| Because a girl had an argument with Diego? | 어떤 여자가 디에고랑 말다툼이 나서? |
| I went home and plugged my phone into the charger... | 집에 가서 충전기에 폰을 꽂았고... |
| Oh sorry, I didn't ask you what you wanted. | 아 미안, 뭘 마시고 싶은지 안 물어봤다. |
| It happened later in the movie, I mean the story. | 그건 영화 나중에, 아니 이야기 나중에 나오는 거잖아. |
| Oh my god, I'm sorry dear, I got what you meant just now... | 아이고 세상에, 미안해 자기, 아까 무슨 뜻이었는지 이제야 이해했네... |
| The water spilled all over the bench, too! | 의자에도 물이 다 튀었어! |
| I don't even want to remember it, but, since you asked... | 생각도 하고 싶지 않지만, 네가 물어보니까 말인데... |
| Sorry, didn't I tell you that before? | 미안, 말 안해줬나? |
| Look at that, it splashed water all over me! | 봐봐, 내 몸에 물이 다 튀었어! |
| There was nothing wrong with you at the shop. | 상점에서는 아무 문제 없었는데. |
| That's right, how did we forget that? | 맞네. 어떻게 그걸 까먹었지? |
| I hope it wasn't an expensive wine! | 비싼 와인이 아니면 좋을텐데! |
| We were just about to talk about leaving the house. | 이사 가는 거에 대해 얘기를 시작하려던 참이었잖아. |
| Anyway, I called the girl again, and of course, she didn't answer. | 아무튼 그래서 다시 전화를 했는데, 역시나 이번에도 전화를 안 받잖아. |
| Yes, while I was looking at the wine, the rice fell... | 응, 와인을 보고 있는데, 쌀이 떨어져서... |
| Oh, do you know what we forgot? | 앗, 우리 뭘 깜빡했게? |