







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| What made you change your mind? | 왜 생각을 바꿨어? |
| I saw her at the toilet door throwing the frying pan into the toilet bowl. | 줄리앤이 화장실 문에 서서 변기통에다 대고 프라이팬을 던지고 있잖아. |
| You know we talked about bringing Pogo here one day. | 언젠가 여기 포고를 데려올까 하는 얘기를 했잖아. |
| That's funny... What did you forget to ask? | 그거 재밌네... 그리고 뭘 깜빡하고 안 물어봤지? |
| I can see why the f*cking toilet got clogged now! | 빌어먹을 변기가 왜 막혔는지 이제 알겠군! |
| You didn't tell me anything about that... | 나한테는 아무 말도 안해줬잖아... |
| While I was trying to catch the rice, I accidentally knocked over a bottle. | 쌀을 잡으려다가, 실수로 병을 쳤어. |
| I called about 10 people yesterday to make appointments. | 약속을 잡으려고 어제 거의 10명한테 전화를 했다고. |
| Because we were at the cinema, dear... | 왜냐면 영화관에 가 있었으니까... |
| Look at that, it splashed water all over me! | 봐봐, 내 몸에 물이 다 튀었어! |
| What happened to this one? | 이 사람은 또 뭐가 문제래? |
| What brought you to London? | 너는 왜 런던에 있어? |
| Don't lie, I saw you googling it just now. | 뻥 치시네, 방금 구글 찾아보는 거 봤어. |
| Yes, I thought about moving upstairs. | 응, 윗층에 살까도 생각해봤어. |
| Did you see any fire or smoke around? | 주변에 불이나 연기 난 건 봤어? |
| You wanted to come here, I just helped you get the table! | 네가 여기 오고 싶어하길래, 테이블 구하는 방법 알려준 것 뿐이잖아! |
| Of course not, how did you come up with that idea? | 당연히 아니지, 그런 생각은 어디서 난 거야? |
| I have to say, your checking the heaters lie wasn't very clever. | 히터 점검해야 한다는 거짓말은 딱히 그럴싸하지 않았다고 말해둬야 겠는걸요. |
| Yes, I finally found one! | 좋았어, 드디어 찾아냈어! |
| No, I got myself a macchiato. | 아니, 난 마끼아또 사왔어. |