In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
Positive | ... lived. |
Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
Past simple example sentences | |
---|---|
Pinocchio didn't know he wasn't a real boy in the beginning, either. | 피노키오도 처음에는 자기가 진짜 아이가 아닌 줄 몰랐어. |
I hope the other appointments weren't very far apart from each other. | 다른 약속들 사이에 뜨는 시간이 길지는 않았길 바라. |
Oh sorry, I didn't know that. | 아, 미안. 그런 줄은 몰랐지. |
We are going to follow the original plan, how it was before. | 원래 계획대로 하자. 하기로 했던 대로. |
I'm not sure, I started using it when I moved into this house. | 잘 모르겠어, 이 집 들어와서 쓰기 시작했거든. |
I don't know, it was like 10. | 나도 몰라, 한 10시쯤. |
Hmm, why weren't we here at the time?... | 허어, 그 시간에 우린 여기 없었는데? |
Did you sleep well last night? | 잠은 잘 잤어? |
We met at the vet a couple of weeks ago. | 몇 주 전에 동물병원에서 만났어. |
I didn't want to risk it. | 혹시나 했지. |
Anyway, did you have any problems with that girl before? | 아무튼, 전에는 저 여자랑 문제 있었던 거 없었어? |
They are an old couple, he thought I was his son. | 나이 든 부부인데, 내가 아들인 줄 아신 모양이야. |
I'm very surprised you didn't check the wine list before you ordered. | 와인 리스트 안 보고 주문하다니 놀랐는걸. |
You, too, I hope you found the house easily. | 저도요. 집은 찾아오기 어렵지 않으셨길 바라요. |
But I really wanted to go there tonight. | 그치만 오늘 밤 꼭 거길 가고 싶었는데. |
Because we were at the cinema, dear... | 왜냐면 영화관에 가 있었으니까... |
While I was trying to catch the rice, I accidentally knocked over a bottle. | 쌀을 잡으려다가, 실수로 병을 쳤어. |
Did you put a question mark at the end? | 문장 끝에 물음표는 찍었고? |
I guess you didn't mention that on the ad. | 광고에 그 말은 안하셨던 거 같은데요. |
I thought you turned it on when you went home. | 집에 가서 휴대폰 켠 줄 알았더니. |