







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| I'm almost at Brighton! Why didn't you inform me earlier? | 나 브라이튼 거의 다 왔다고! 왜 미리 말해주지 않은 거야? |
| When did you get here? I didn't see you. | 언제 온 거야? 너 못 봤는데. |
| Oh, that's a relief, did you get rid of it? | 아, 다행이다, 그럼 뒷처리는 했어? |
| I just wanted to talk to you alone. | 그냥 둘이 얘기하려던 거였지. |
| Why did you wake up so early? | 왜 그렇게 일찍 일어났어? |
| Bye Toby, it was nice talking to you! | 잘 있어요 토비, 만나서 반가웠어요! |
| Yep, I gave it to a spider in the garden. | 엉, 안뜰에 거미가 있길래 줬지. |
| I'm still shocked... I can't believe what I just heard! | 아직도 충격이야... 무슨 말을 들은 건지 믿기지도 않아! |
| Actually, I didn't even know you had a cat! | 실은, 고양이가 있으신 줄도 몰랐죠! |
| Really, how long did you live here? | 너 말야, 여기서 얼마나 오래 살았어? |
| Really, when did you wake up? | 어라, 언제 일어났는데? |
| I don't know, did you check the expiry date? | 글쎄, 유통기한은 확인했어? |
| I knew it was too good to be true! | 어쩐지 술술 풀린다 했어! |
| That's funny... What did you forget to ask? | 그거 재밌네... 그리고 뭘 깜빡하고 안 물어봤지? |
| Nope, there was no evidence of fire anywhere... | 아니, 불 난 흔적은 아무 데도 없었어... |
| Did you put a question mark at the end? | 문장 끝에 물음표는 찍었고? |
| No, I couldn't, I went to Sainsbury's, they didn't have it. | 못 찾았어, 세인즈버리에도 갔는데, 없더라고. |
| This was the only one left on the shelf. | 선반에 이거 밖에 안 남아있더라구요. |
| And now you've woken me up just when I was about to sleep! | 그리고 이제 막 눈 좀 붙이려고 했더니 당신들이 날 깨웠고요! |
| We met at the vet a couple of weeks ago. | 몇 주 전에 동물병원에서 만났어. |