







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| It seems I forgot to turn it on after I plugged it into the charger! | 충전기에 꽂아놓고 켜는 걸 깜빡한 모양이더라구! |
| I hadn't realised you could remember things so fast before! | 네가 기억력이 그렇게 좋은 줄 여태 몰랐는데! |
| I hope I didn't make you wait long. | 너무 오래 기다리게 만든 게 아니면 좋겠는데. |
| Then the wine bottle broke, etcetera... | 근데 와인병이 깨지고, 기타 등등... |
| That was so easy, I can't believe it worked! | 완전 쉬웠어, 성공하다니 믿기질 않네! |
| But unfortunately, they didn't! | 안타깝게도, 안 그런 거지! |
| Is that how long your relationship with Jen was, also? | 젠하고도 그렇게 오래 사귀었던 거야? |
| You killed my favourite movie with one punch, dear! | 자기, 내가 제일 좋아하는 영화를 한 방에 날려버리다니! |
| It was a total disaster! | 완전 대재앙이었어요! |
| What kind of coffee did you get me? | 커피는 뭘로 사왔어? |
| I called about 10 people yesterday to make appointments. | 약속을 잡으려고 어제 거의 10명한테 전화를 했다고. |
| I thought you turned it on when you went home. | 집에 가서 휴대폰 켠 줄 알았더니. |
| Today Rebecca called me about... | 오늘 레베카가 나한테 전화를 해서는... |
| Look at that, it splashed water all over me! | 봐봐, 내 몸에 물이 다 튀었어! |
| No, I didn't have much money in it. | 아니, 돈이 많이 있진 않았는데요. |
| And now you've woken me up just when I was about to sleep! | 그리고 이제 막 눈 좀 붙이려고 했더니 당신들이 날 깨웠고요! |
| Because you didn't remind me! | 네가 얘기를 안 해주길래! |
| What!? So you complained to Nick about our cat! | 뭐라고요!? 그러니까 당신이 닉한테 우리 고양이 갖고 불평을 한 거네요! |
| 5 minutes before I arrived, I called her, but she didn't answer. | 도착하기 5분 전에 전화를 했는데, 안 받잖아. |
| Hmm, why weren't we here at the time?... | 허어, 그 시간에 우린 여기 없었는데? |