







In English we use the past simple tense to talk about finished actions in the past.
We use 'did' as an auxiliary verb in negatives and questions and we often use the past simple with past time phrases such as 5 minutes ago, yesterday, last week, in the 1980s, and when I was a child.
Notes for use of past simple :
In English, to change verbs to the past tense, we add '-ed' to regular verbs. For example;
work --> worked
live --> lived
walk --> walked
If the verb ends in 'e', we drop the 'e' before adding '-ed'. For example;
dance --> danced
smile --> smiled
phone --> phoned
If the verb ends in a vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant. For example;
stop --> stopped
tag --> tagged
plan --> planned
If the verb has more than one syllable, we double the consonant at the end only if the last syllable is stressed. For example;
prefer --> preferred
permit --> permitted
regret --> regretted
If the last syllable of the verb is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant. For example;
visit --> visited
happen --> happened
develop --> developed
In British English, verbs ending in 'l' double the 'l' before '-ed' whether the last syllable is stressed or not. For example;
travel --> travelled
cancel --> cancelled
If the verb ends in a 'y' or a 'w', we do not double it when we add '-ed'. For example;
stay --> stayed
play --> played
sew --> sewed
In English we do not double the consonant if the verb has two vowels before the last consonant. For example;
boil --> boiled
explain --> explained
In English we also do not double the consonant if the verb ends in two consonants. For example;
help --> helped
start --> started
However, irregular verbs change to completely different words in the past tense. For example;
go --> went
take --> took
know --> knew
The table below shows the different forms of past simple :
Example Verb : live | I / You / We / They / He / She / It |
| Positive | ... lived. |
| Negative | ... didn't live. |
Questions | Did ... live? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... did. / No, ... didn't. |
For the verb 'to be' we use 'was' and 'were'' in the past simple. No auxiliary verbs are used in negative sentences and questions.
Verb : Be | I / He / She / It | You / We / They |
| Positive | ... was ... | ... were ... |
| Negative | ... wasn't ... | ... weren't ... |
| Questions | Was ... ... ? | Were ... ...? |
| Short answers | Yes, ... was. / No, ... wasn't. | Yes, ... were. / No, ... weren't. |
Past Simple Example Sentences :
Positive Examples of Past Simple :
Negative Examples of Past Simple :
Question Examples of Past Simple :
| Past simple example sentences | |
|---|---|
| I don't even want to remember it, but, since you asked... | 생각도 하고 싶지 않지만, 네가 물어보니까 말인데... |
| That was a strange conversation... What did they say? | 요상한 대화네... 그쪽에서 뭐래? |
| I saw a coffee shop just outside the station. | 역 바로 바깥에 카페를 봤어. |
| Yes, I moved from Brighton about a month ago. | 네, 브라이튼에서 한달 쯤 전에 이사왔어요. |
| And we just bumped into each other tonight. | 그러다 오늘밤 우연히 마주쳤어. |
| Hi, what did you decide? | 안녕, 어떡할지 결정했어? |
| Did you have much money in your purse? | 지갑에 돈이 많이 있었어요? |
| When did it happen exactly? | 정확히 언제 일어난 건데? |
| Actually, I didn't even know you had a cat! | 실은, 고양이가 있으신 줄도 몰랐죠! |
| We did it together only for one day, dear! | 같이 알아본 거라곤 딱 하루 뿐이라구, 자기! |
| But we had some *little* problems. | 하지만 좀 *사소한* 문제가 있었지 뭐야. |
| We met at the vet a couple of weeks ago. | 몇 주 전에 동물병원에서 만났어. |
| What the f*ck! I didn't know that! | 뭐야 미친! 몰랐잖아! |
| Sorry, Julianne, I didn't know you were still here. | 미안해요, 줄리앤, 아직 있는 줄 몰랐어요. |
| Did you put a question mark at the end? | 문장 끝에 물음표는 찍었고? |
| No, don't worry, nothing happened to him. | 아뇨, 걱정 마요, 포고는 괜찮으니까. |
| After just a couple of minutes, it died. | 한 몇 분 있더니 폰이 죽었어. |
| I called you at least ten times! | 나 10번도 넘게 전화했다고! |
| Erm, okay guys, let me explain what happened... | 으음, 알겠어요 두분, 무슨 일이 있었는지 설명을 할게요... |
| Apparently you f*cked up, then what happened? | 정신차려 보니 x돼 있었다 이거구만. 그래서 어떡했어? |